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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 14, 12310-12317, April 5, 2002
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From the Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for
Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of
Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201
Dermo-1 is a multifunctional basic
helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor that has been shown to be
a potent negative regulator for gene transcription and apoptosis. To
understand the molecular mechanisms that mediate the function of
Dermo-1, we generated a series of Dermo-1 mutants and used a
MyoD-mediated transcriptional activation model to characterize the
roles of its N-terminal, bHLH, and C-terminal structural domains in
transcriptional repression. Both the C-terminal and HLH domains of
Dermo-1 were essential for its repression of MyoD-mediated
transactivation. Dermo-1 repressed, in a dose-dependent
fashion, the transactivation activity of myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2), a protein known to cooperate with MyoD in activating
E-box-dependent gene expression. Both the N- and C-terminal
domains of Dermo-1, but not the bHLH domain, were required for the
inhibition of MEF2, suggesting that Dermo-1 inhibits both MyoD- and
MEF2-dependent transactivation but through different
mechanisms. Dermo-1 interacted directly with MEF2 and selectively
repressed the MEF2 transactivation domain. An overall increase of
histone acetylation induced by trichostatin A treatment reduced Dermo-1
transcriptional repression activity, suggesting that histone
deacetylation is involved in Dermo-1-mediated transcriptional
repression. Together, these results suggest that MEF2 is an important
target in Dermo-1-mediated transcriptional repression and provide
initial evidence of the involvement of histone acetylation in Dermo-1
transcriptional repression.
Dermo-1, a Multifunctional Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein,
Represses MyoD Transactivation via the HLH Domain, MEF2
Interaction, and Chromatin Deacetylation*
*
This work was supported by NHLBI, National Institutes of
Health Grant HL58916-01A1 (to L. L.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Program in Molecular
and Cellular Cardiology, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Wayne State
University, 421 E. Canfield Ave., No. 1107, Detroit, MI 48201. Tel.:
313-577-8749; Fax: 313-577-8615; E-mail: lili@med.wayne.edu.
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