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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 15, 13175-13183, April 12, 2002
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From the Department of Chemical Engineering, UCLA,
Los Angeles, California 90095
This study characterized the transcript profile
of Escherichia coli in acetate cultures using DNA
microarray on glass slides. Glucose-grown cultures were used as a
reference. At the 95% confidence level, 354 genes were up-regulated in
acetate, while 370 genes were down-regulated compared with the
glucose-grown culture. Generally, more metabolic genes were
up-regulated in acetate than other gene groups, while genes involved in
cell replication, transcription, and translation machinery tended to be
down-regulated. It appears that E. coli commits more
resources to metabolism at the expense of growth when cultured in the
poor carbon source. The expression profile confirms many known features
in acetate metabolism such as the induction of the glyoxylate pathway,
tricarboxylic acid cycle, and gluconeogenic genes. It also
provided many previously unknown features, including induction of malic
enzymes, ppsA, and the glycolate pathway and repression of
glycolytic and glucose phosphotransferase genes in acetate. The carbon
flux delivered from the malic enzymes and PpsA in acetate was further
confirmed by deletion mutations. In general, the gene expression
profiles qualitatively agree with the metabolic flux changes and may
serve as a predictor for gene function and metabolic flux distribution.
Global Expression Profiling of Acetate-grown Escherichia
coli*
*
This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant
EEC-0087589 and National Institute of Standards and Technology Grant
70NANBOH0064.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Chemical
Engineering, 5531 Boelter Hall, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095. Tel.:
310-825-1656; Fax: 310-206-1642; E-mail: liaoj@ucla.edu.
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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