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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 18, 15881-15889, May 3, 2002
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From the Nara Institutes of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan
Replication of DNA within Saccharomyces
cerevisiae chromosomes is initiated from multiple origins, whose
activation follow their own inherent time schedules during the S phase
of the cell cycle. It has been demonstrated that a characteristic
replicative complex (RC) that includes an origin recognition complex is
formed at each origin and shifts between post- and pre-replicative
states during the cell cycle. We wanted to determine whether there was an association between this shift in the state of the RC and firing events at replication origins. Time course analyses of RC architecture using UV-footprinting with synchronously growing cells revealed that
pre-replicative states at both early and late firing origins appeared
simultaneously during late M phase, remained in this state during
G1 phase, and converted to the post-replicative state at
various times during S phase. Because the conversion of the origin
footprinting profiles and origin firing, as assessed by two-dimensional
gel electrophoresis, occurred concomitantly at each origin, then these
two events must be closely related. However, conversion of the late
firing origin occurred without actual firing. This was observed when
the late origin was suppressed in clb5-deficient cells and
a replication fork originating from an outside origin replicated the
late origin passively. This mechanism ensures that replication at each
chromosomal locus occurs only once per cell cycle by shifting existing
pre-RCs to the post-RC state, when it is replicated without firing.
Scheduled Conversion of Replication Complex Architecture at
Replication Origins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during
the Cell Cycle*
,
*
This work was supported in part by a grant-in-aid for
Scientific Research on Priority Areas (C) Genome Biology and Cancer Cell biology and on Priority Areas (B) and Basic Research Area (C) from
the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of
Japan (to C. O. and T. T.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Present address: BF Research Institute, Inc., National
Cardiovascular Center, 7-1, 5-Chome, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka
565-0873, Japan.
§
Present address: RIKEN Yokohama Institute, 1-7-22, Suehiro,
Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
¶
Present address: JT Biohistory Research Hall (BRH), 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki 569-1125, Japan.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.:
81-7437-2-5512; Fax: 81-7437-2-5519; E-mail:
c-obuse@bs.aist-nara.ac.jp.
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