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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 19, 17255-17262, May 10, 2002
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From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, National
University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
Mast cell activation triggers
Ca2+ signals and the release of enzyme-containing
granules, events that play a major role in allergic/hypersensitivity reactions. However, the precise molecular mechanisms that regulate antigen-triggered degranulation and Ca2+ fluxes in human
mast cells are still poorly understood. Here we show, for the first
time, that a receptor can trigger Ca2+ via two separate
molecular mechanisms. Using an antisense approach, we show that
IgE-antigen stimulation of human bone marrow-derived mast cells
triggers a sphingosine kinase (SPHK) 1-mediated fast and transient
Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. However,
phospholipase C (PLC)
Dichotomy of Ca2+ Signals Triggered by
Different Phospholipid Pathways in Antigen Stimulation of Human Mast
Cells*
and
1 triggers a second (slower) wave of calcium
release from intracellular stores, and it is this
PLC
1-generated signal that is responsible for Ca2+
entry. Surprisingly, Fc
RI (a high affinity receptor for
IgE)-triggered mast cell degranulation depends on the first,
sphingosine kinase-mediated Ca2+ signal. These two pathways
act independently because antisense knock down of either enzyme does
not interfere with the activity of the other enzyme. Of interest,
similar to PLC
1, SPHK1 translocates rapidly to the membrane after
Fc
RI cross-linking. Here we also show that SPHK1 activity
depends on phospholipase D1 and that Fc
RI-triggered mast cell
degranulation depends primarily on the activation of both phospholipase
D1 and SPHK1.
*
This work was supported by a start-up grant from the
National Medical Research Counsel of Singapore.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Physiology,
Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Dr.,
MD 9, 03-04, Singapore 117597, Singapore. Tel.: 65-874-1697; Fax:
65-778-8161; E-mail: phsmraj@nus.edu.sg.
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