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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M107484200 on November 6, 2001
J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 2, 949-957, January 11, 2002
Novel Cytoplasmic Proteins of Nontypeable Haemophilus
influenzae Up-regulate Human MUC5AC Mucin
Transcription via a Positive p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase
Pathway and a Negative Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase-Akt Pathway*
Beinan
Wang §,
David J.
Lim ,
Jiahuai
Han¶,
Young S.
Kim ,
Carol B.
Basbaum**, and
Jian-Dong
Li §
From the Gonda Department of Cell and Molecular
Biology, House Ear Institute and the Department of Otolaryngology,
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90057, the
¶ Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla,
California 92037, and the Gastrointestinal Research Laboratory,
Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the ** Department of
Anatomy, University of California,
San Francisco, California 94143
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae
(NTHi) is an important human pathogen that causes chronic otitis media
with effusion (COME) in children and exacerbation of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults. Mucin overproduction, a
hallmark of both diseases, has been shown to directly cause conductive
hearing loss in COME and airway obstruction in COPD. The molecular
mechanisms underlying mucin overproduction in NTHi infections still
remain unclear. Here, we show that NTHi strongly up-regulates
MUC5AC mucin transcription only after bacterial cell
disruption. Maximal up-regulation is induced by heat-stable bacterial
cytoplasmic proteins, whereas NTHi surface membrane proteins induce
only moderate MUC5AC transcription. These results
demonstrate an important role for cytoplasmic molecules from lysed
bacteria in the pathogenesis of NTHi infections, and may well explain
why many patients still have persistent symptoms such as middle ear
effusion in COME after intensive antibiotic treatment. Furthermore, our
results indicate that activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein
kinase is required for NTHi-induced MUC5AC transcription,
whereas activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt pathway leads to
down-regulation of NTHi-induced MUC5AC transcription via a
negative cross-talk with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
These studies may bring new insights into molecular pathogenesis
of NTHi infections and lead to novel therapeutic intervention for COME
and COPD.
*
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health
Grant RO1-DC04562 (to J.-D. L.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
§
To whom correspondence may be addressed: Gonda Dept. of Cell and
Molecular Biology, House Ear Inst., 2100 W. Third St., Los Angeles, CA
90057. E-mail: jdli@hei.org or bwang{at}hei.org.
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 2002 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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