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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 22, 19476-19481, May 31, 2002

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Supplemental Data All Versions of this Article: 277/22/19476    most recent M201305200v1 Submit a Letter to Editor Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Mattjus, P. Articles by Brown, R. E. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Mattjus, P. Articles by Brown, R. E. Social Bookmarking                      What's this?

Sphingomyelin Modulates the Transbilayer Distribution of Galactosylceramide in Phospholipid Membranes^*,

Peter Mattjus^§, Barbara Malewicz^§, Jacob T. Valiyaveettil^§¶, Wolfgang J. Baumann, Robert Bittman^¶, and Rhoderick E. Brown

From the  University of Minnesota, Hormel Institute, Austin, Minnesota 55912 and the ^¶ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597

The interrelationships among sphingolipid structure, membrane curvature, and glycosphingolipid transmembrane distribution remain poorly defined despite the emerging importance of sphingolipids in curved regions and vesicle buds of biomembranes. Here, we describe a novel approach to investigate the transmembrane distribution of galactosylceramide in phospholipid small unilamellar vesicles by ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Quantitation of the transbilayer distribution of [6-¹³C]galactosylceramide (99.8% isotopic enrichment) was achieved by exposure of vesicles to the paramagnetic ion, Mn²⁺. The data show that [6-¹³C]galactosylceramide prefers (70%) the inner leaflet of phosphatidylcholine vesicles. Increasing the sphingomyelin content of the 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine vesicles shifted galactosylceramide from the inner to the outer leaflet. The amount of galactosylceramide localized in the inner leaflet decreased from 70% in pure 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine vesicles to only 40% in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin (1:2) vesicles. The present study demonstrates that sphingomyelin can dramatically alter the transbilayer distribution of a monohexosylceramide, such as galactosylceramide, in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin vesicles. The results suggest that sphingolipid-sphingolipid interactions that occur even in the absence of cholesterol play a role in controlling the transmembrane distributions of cerebrosides.

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