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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M202702200 on April 26, 2002

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 27, 24204-24211, July 5, 2002
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Identification of a Novel Transporter for Dicarboxylates and Tricarboxylates in Plant Mitochondria
BACTERIAL EXPRESSION, RECONSTITUTION, FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION, AND TISSUE DISTRIBUTION*

Nathalie PicaultDagger §, Luigi Palmieri§||, Isabella Pisano||, Michael HodgesDagger , and Ferdinando Palmieri||**

From the Dagger  Institut de Biotechnologie des Plantes, CNRS UMR8618, Université de Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France and the || Department of Pharmaco-Biology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy

A cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana and four related cDNAs from Nicotiana tabacum that we have isolated encode hitherto unidentified members of the mitochondrial carrier family. These proteins have been overexpressed in bacteria and reconstituted into phospholipid vesicles. Their transport properties demonstrate that they are orthologs/isoforms of a novel mitochondrial carrier capable of transporting both dicarboxylates (such as malate, oxaloacetate, oxoglutarate, and maleate) and tricarboxylates (such as citrate, isocitrate, cis-aconitate, and trans-aconitate). The newly identified dicarboxylate-tricarboxylate carrier accepts only the single protonated form of citrate (H-citrate2-) and the unprotonated form of malate (malate2-) and catalyzes obligatory, electroneutral exchanges. Oxoglutarate, citrate, and malate are mutually competitive inhibitors, showing Ki close to the respective Km. The carrier is expressed in all plant tissues examined and is largely spread in the plant kingdom. Furthermore, nitrate supply to nitrogen-starved tobacco plants leads to an increase in its mRNA in roots and leaves. The dicarboxylate-tricarboxylate carrier may play a role in important plant metabolic functions requiring organic acid flux to or from the mitochondria, such as nitrogen assimilation, export of reducing equivalents from the mitochondria, and fatty acid elongation.


* This work was supported by the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) target project on Biotechnolgy, the European Social Fund, and grants from the Minstero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), MIUR-CNR L.95/96, and Centro di Eccellenza di Genomica comparata, University of Bari (CEGBA).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBankTM/EBI Data Bank with accession number(s) AJ311776, AJ311777, AJ311778, AJ311779, and AJ311780.

§ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Supported by a Ministere d'Education National, de la Recherche et de la Technologie (MENRT) fellowship.

** To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 39-080-5443323; Fax: 39-080-5442770; E-mail: fpalm@farmbiol.uniba.it.


Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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