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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 3, 2258-2265, January 18, 2002
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From the Salmonella survive and
replicate within mammalian cells by becoming secluded within
specialized membrane-bound vacuoles inaccessible to the host defense
mechanisms. Delayed acidification of the vacuole and its incomplete
fusion with lysosomes have been implicated in intracellular
Salmonella survival. Nramp1 confers to
macrophages resistance to a variety of intracellular pathogens,
including Salmonella, but its precise mode of action is not
understood. We investigated whether Nramp1 affects the
maturation and acidification of Salmonella-containing
vacuoles (SCV). A mouse-derived macrophage line
(RAW/Nramp1
Nramp1 Modifies the Fusion of Salmonella
typhimurium-containing Vacuoles with Cellular Endomembranes in
Macrophages*
§,
,
,
§§,
§§¶¶
Division of Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick
Children, Toronto M5G 1X8, Ontario, the ¶ Department of
Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal H3G 1Y6, Quebec, the
** Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University
of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A8, Ontario, and the

Biotechnology Laboratory, University of
British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, British Columbia, Canada
) devoid of Nramp1 and therefore
susceptible to infection was compared with isogenic clones stably
transfected with Nramp1
(RAW/Nramp1+). Intravacuolar pH, measured
in situ, was similar in Nramp1-expressing and -deficient
cells. SCV acquired LAMP1 and fused with preloaded fluid-phase markers
in both cell types. In contrast, although few vacuoles in
RAW/Nramp1
acquired mannose 6-phosphate receptor, many
more contained M6PR in RAW/Nramp1+ cells.
Shortly after closure, SCV in RAW/Nramp1
became
inaccessible to extracellular markers, suggesting inability to fuse
with newly formed endosomes. Expression of Nramp1 markedly increased the access to extracellularly added markers. We propose that
Nramp1 counteracts the ability of Salmonella to become
secluded in a compartment that limits access of bactericidal
agents, allowing the normal degradative pathway of the macrophage to proceed.
*
This work was supported in part by the Arthritis Society of
Canada, by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), and by
National Institutes of Health NIAID Grant AI-35237.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Recipient of a Human Frontier Science Program fellowship.
§§
International Scholar of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and
recipient of a CIHR Distinguished Scientist award.
¶¶
Current holder of the Pitblado Chair in Cell Biology.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 416-813-5727;
Fax: 416-813-5028; E-mail: sga@sickkids.on.ca.
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