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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M111706200 on May 30, 2002

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 32, 28948-28958, August 9, 2002
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Cysteine String Protein Interacts with and Modulates the Maturation of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator*

Hui Zhang, Kathryn W. Peters, Fei Sun, Christopher R. MarinoDagger , Jochen Lang§, Robert D. Burgoyne, and Raymond A. Frizzell||

From the Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, the Dagger  Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, the § Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, Pessac F-33607, France, and the  Physiological Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a cAMP-regulated chloride channel whose phosphorylation regulates both channel gating and its trafficking at the plasma membrane. Cysteine string proteins (Csps) are J-domain-containing, membrane-associated proteins that have been functionally implicated in regulated exocytosis. Therefore, we evaluated the possibility that Csp is involved in regulated CFTR trafficking. We found Csp expressed in mammalian epithelial cell lines, several of which express CFTR. In Calu-3 airway cells, immunofluorescence colocalized Csp with calnexin in the endoplasmic reticulum and with CFTR at the apical membrane domain. CFTR coprecipitated with Csp from Calu-3 cell lysates. Csp associated with both core-glycosylated immature and fully glycosylated mature CFTRs (bands B and C); however, in relation to the endogenous levels of the B and C bands expressed in Calu-3 cells, the Csp interaction with band B predominated. In vitro protein binding assays detected physical interactions of both mammalian Csp isoforms with the CFTR R-domain and the N terminus, having submicromolar affinities. In Xenopus oocytes expressing CFTR, Csp overexpression decreased the chloride current and membrane capacitance increases evoked by cAMP stimulation and decreased the levels of CFTR protein detected by immunoblot. In mammalian cells, the steady-state expression of CFTR band C was eliminated, and pulse-chase studies showed that Csp coexpression blocked the conversion of immature to mature CFTR and stabilized band B. These results demonstrate a primary role for Csp in CFTR protein maturation. The physical interaction of this Hsc70-binding protein with immature CFTR, its localization in the endoplasmic reticulum, and the decrease in production of mature CFTR observed during Csp overexpression reflect a role for Csp in CFTR biogenesis. The documented role of Csp in regulated exocytosis, its interaction with mature CFTR, and its coexpression with CFTR at the apical membrane domain of epithelial cells may reflect also a role for Csp in regulated CFTR trafficking at the plasma membrane.


* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant DK56490, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Grants FRIZZE97RO and 99GO, and a grant from the Wellcome Trust.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

|| To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, S362 BST, 3500 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261. Tel.: 412-648-9498; E-mail: frizzell@pitt.edu.


Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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