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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 36, 33105-33114, September 6, 2002
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From the Cellular and Molecular Biology Program and the Department
of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin,
Madison, Wisconsin 53706
The vacuole/lysosome serves an important
recycling function during starvation and senescence in eukaryotes via a
process called autophagy. Here bulk cytosolic constituents and
organelles become sequestered in specialized autophagic vesicles, which
then deliver their cargo to the vacuole for degradation. In yeasts,
genetic screens have identified two novel post-translational
modification pathways remarkably similar to ubiquitination that are
required for autophagy. From searches of the Arabidopsis
genome, we have identified gene families encoding proteins related to
both the APG8 and
The APG8/12-activating Enzyme APG7 Is Required for
Proper Nutrient Recycling and Senescence in Arabidopsis
thaliana*
12 polypeptide tags and orthologs for all
components required for their attachment. A single APG7
gene encodes the ATP-dependent activating enzyme that
initiates both conjugation pathways. Phenotypic analysis of an
APG7 disruption indicates that it is not essential for
normal growth and development in Arabidopsis. However, the
apg7-1 mutant is hypersensitive to nutrient limiting
conditions and displays premature leaf senescence. mRNAs for both
APG7 and APG8 preferentially accumulate as leaves senesce, suggesting
that both conjugation pathways are up-regulated during the senescence
syndrome. These findings show that the APG8/12 conjugation pathways
have been conserved in plants and may have important roles in
autophagic recycling, especially during situations that require
substantial nitrogen and carbon mobilization.
*
This work was supported by United States Department of
Agriculture Grant NRICGP 00-35301-9040 (to R. D. V.), a National
Institutes of Health postdoctoral fellowship (to J. H. D. ), and a
University of Wisconsin Graduate School fellowship (to A. R. T. ).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Horticulture,
1575 Linden Dr., University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706.
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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