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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 37, 33799-33810, September 13, 2002
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,
From the Departments of Immunology and Rheumatology and
Eosinophils are major effector cells implicated
in a number of chronic inflammatory diseases in humans, particularly
bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. The
Comparative Medicine, Merck Research Laboratories,
Rahway, New Jersey 07065
-chemokine receptor C-C
chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3) provides a mechanism for the
selective recruitment of eosinophils into tissue and thus has recently
become an attractive biological target for therapeutic intervention. In
order to develop in vivo models of inflammatory diseases,
it is essential to identify and characterize the homologues of human
eotaxin (C-C chemokine ligand 11) and CCR3 from other species,
such as non-human primates. Accordingly, we cloned the macaque eotaxin
and CCR3 genes and revealed that they were 91 and 92% identical at the
amino acid level to their human homologues, respectively. Macaque CCR3
expressed in the murine pre-B L1-2 cell line bound macaque eotaxin with high affinity (Kd = 0.1 nM) and
exhibited a robust eotaxin-induced Ca2+ flux and
chemotaxis. Characterization of
-chemokines on native macaque CCR3
on eosinophils was performed by means of eotaxin-induced shape change
in whole blood using a novel signaling assay known as gated
autofluorescence forward scatter. Additionally, mAbs were raised
against macaque CCR3 using two different immunogens: a 30-amino acid
synthetic peptide derived from the predicted NH2 terminus
of macaque CCR3 and intact macaque CCR3-transfected cells. These
anti-macaque CCR3 monoclonal antibodies exhibited potent antagonist
activity in receptor binding and functional assays. The
characterization of the macaque eotaxin/CCR3 axis and development of
antagonistic anti-macaque CCR3 monoclonal antibodies will facilitate the development of CCR3 small molecule antagonists with the hope of
ameliorating chronic inflammatory diseases in humans.
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