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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 39, 35980-35989, September 27, 2002

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Cyclic AMP-dependent Transcriptional Up-regulation of Phosphodiesterase 4D5 in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL PDE4D5 PROMOTER^*

Ivan R. Le Jeune^§, Malcolm Shepherd^§¶, Gino Van Heeke, Miles D. Houslay^**, and Ian P. Hall

From the  Division of Therapeutics and Institute of Cell Signalling, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom, the ^¶ Department of Respiratory Medicine, Floor 6, Gartnavel General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow, G12, the ^** Molecular Pharmacology Group, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Davidson Building, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom, and the  Novartis Horsham Research Centre, Wimblehurst Road, Horsham RH12 5AB, United Kingdom

Phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D), part of the complex cAMP-specific PDE4 family, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of airway smooth muscle relaxation by catalyzing the hydolysis of cAMP. Its gene on chromosome 5q12 encodes 5 splice variants, which show tissue-dependent expression and regulation. The genomic arrangement of PDE4D was determined using in silico methods, and a putative promoter of one of the protein kinase A-activated, long isoforms, PDE4D5 was identified. Promoter-luciferase constructs, transiently transfected into a ₂ adrenoreceptor-expressing CHO-K1 cell line, were used to demonstrate that the PDE4D5 promoter up-regulated reporter gene expression in response to increased cell cAMP. Site-directed mutagenesis of the cAMP-response element (CRE) at position 201 identified this as the principal component of the mechanism underlying this cAMP responsiveness. In the second part of this study, cAMP-dependent induction of PDE4D5 transcript in primary cultured human airway smooth muscle cells (hASMs) was demonstrated using both qualitative reverse-transcriptase PCR and quantitative real-time PCR. Isolated PDE4D5 isoenzyme activity, measured after selective immunoprecipitation from hASMs, confirmed that this increase in expression led to an up-regulation of functional activity. We present evidence for cAMP-driven PDE4D5 up-regulation in hASMs and suggest a CRE-containing, isoform-specific promoter as the primary mechanism.

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