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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M109443200 on August 22, 2002
J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 43, 41046-41059, October 25, 2002
Angiogenic Oligosaccharides of Hyaluronan Induce Multiple
Signaling Pathways Affecting Vascular Endothelial Cell Mitogenic
and Wound Healing Responses*
Mark
Slevin §,
Shant
Kumar¶, and
John
Gaffney
From the Department of Biological Sciences,
Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, United
Kingdom and the ¶ Department of Pathological Sciences,
Stopford Building, Manchester Victoria University,
Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
Hyaluronan (HA) is a large nonsulfated
glycosaminoglycan and an important regulator of angiogenesis, in
particular, the growth and migration of vascular endothelial
cells. We have identified some of the key intermediates
responsible for induction of mitogenesis and wound recovery. Treatment
of bovine aortic endothelial cells with oligosaccharides of hyaluronan
(o-HA) resulted in rapid tyrosine phosphorylation and plasma membrane
translocation of phospholipase C 1 (PLC 1). Cytoplasmic loading
with inhibitory antibodies to PLC 1, G , and
G i/o/t/z inhibited activation of
extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Treatment with the
G i/o inhibitor, pertussis toxin, reduced o-HA-induced
PLC 1 tyrosine phosphorylation, protein kinase C (PKC) and 1/2
membrane translocation, ERK1/2 activation, mitogenesis, and wound
recovery, suggesting a mechanism for o-HA-induced angiogenesis through
G-proteins, PLC 1, and PKC. In particular, we demonstrated a possible
role for PKC in mitogenesis and PKC 1/2 in wound recovery. Using
antisense oligonucleotides and the Ras farnesylation inhibitor FTI-277,
we showed that o-HA-induced bovine aortic endothelial cell
proliferation, wound recovery, and ERK1/2 activation were also
partially dependent on Ras activation, and that o-HA-stimulated
tyrosine phosphorylation of the adapter protein Shc, as well as its
association with Sos1. Binding of Src to Shc was required for its
activation and for Ras-dependent activation of ERK1/2, cell
proliferation, and wound recovery. Neither Src nor Ras activation was
inhibited by pertussis toxin, suggesting that their activation was
independent of heterotrimeric G-proteins. However, the specific Src
kinase inhibitor PP2 inhibited G subunit co-precipitation with
PLC 1, suggesting a possible role for Src in activation of PLC 1
and interaction between two distinct o-HA-induced signaling pathways.
*
The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
§
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: 0161247-6365;
E-mail: m.a.slevin@mmu.ac.uk.
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 2002 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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