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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M208339200 on September 16, 2002

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 47, 45400-45407, November 22, 2002
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Mapping the Type I Collagen-binding Site on Pigment Epithelium-derived Factor
IMPLICATIONS FOR ITS ANTIANGIOGENIC ACTIVITY*

Christina Meyer, Luigi Notari, and S. Patricia BecerraDagger

From the Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, NEI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2740

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a neurotrophic and antiangiogenic serpin, is identified in tissues rich in collagen, e.g. cornea, vitreous, bone, and cartilage. We show that recombinant human PEDF formed complexes with collagens from the bovine cornea and vitreous. We have examined the direct binding of PEDF to collagen I and found that interactions were ionic in nature and occurred when PEDF and collagen I were both in solution, when either one was immobilized, or even when collagen I was denatured under reducing conditions. 125I-PEDF bound to immobilized collagen I in a saturable fashion (KD = 123 nM). Compared with neurotrophic PEDF-derived peptides, ovalbumin and angiogenic inhibitors, only full-length PEDF competed efficiently with 125I-PEDF for the binding to immobilized collagen I (EC50 = 3 µg/ml). The collagen-binding region was analyzed using controlled proteolysis and chemically modified PEDF. Cleavage of the serpin exposed loop did not prevent binding to collagen I. Conjugation of lysines with fluorescein increased the collagen binding affinity. However, treatment of PEDF with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide abolished it, implicating the PEDF aspartic and/or glutamic acid residues in its interaction with collagen I. A negatively charged region on the surface of the PEDF molecule is rich in acidic residues (Glu41, Glu42, Glu43, Asp44, Asp64, Asp256, Asp258, Glu290, Glu291, Glu296, Asp300, Glu304) available to interact directly with positively charged areas of collagen. This represents the first collagen-binding site described for a serpin, which in PEDF, is distinct from its heparin-binding region, neurotrophic active site, and its serpin exposed loop. The collagen-binding property of PEDF may play a role in surface localization and modulation of its antiangiogenic effects in the eye and bone.

* The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger To whom correspondence should be addressed: NEI, NIH, Bldg. 6, Rm. 308, 6 Center Dr., MSC 2740, Bethesda, MD 20892-2740. Tel.: 301-496-6514; Fax: 301-451-5420; E-mail: pbecerra@helix.nih.gov.

Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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