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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 47, 45644-45654, November 22, 2002
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From the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University
of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
27599
The focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and cell adhesion
kinase
(CAK
, PYK2, CADTK, RAFTK) are highly homologous FAK
family members, yet clearly have unique roles in the cell. Comparative
analyses of FAK and CAK
have revealed intriguing differences in
their activities. These differences were investigated further through the characterization of a set of FAK/CAK
chimeric kinases. CAK
exhibited greater catalytic activity than FAK in vitro,
providing a molecular basis for differential substrate phosphorylation
by FAK and CAK
in vivo. Furthermore, the N terminus may
regulate catalytic activity since chimeras containing the FAK N
terminus and CAK
catalytic domain exhibited a striking high level of
catalytic activity and substrate phosphorylation. Unexpectedly, a
modulatory role for the N termini in subcellular localization was also
revealed. Chimeras containing the FAK N terminus and CAK
C terminus
localized to focal adhesions, whereas chimeras containing the N and C
termini of CAK
did not. Finally, prominent changes in cell
morphology were induced upon expression of chimeras containing the
CAK
N terminus, which were not associated with apoptotic cell death, cell cycle progression delay, or changes in Rho activity. These results demonstrate novel regulatory roles for the N terminus of FAK
family kinases.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Cell and
Developmental Biology CB7090 University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599. Tel.: 919-966-0391; Fax: 919-966-1856; E-mail:
crispy4@med.unc.edu.
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