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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 48, 46066-46072, November 29, 2002
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From the Departments of The p160 coactivator complex plays a critical
role in transcriptional activation by nuclear receptors and possibly
other classes of DNA-binding transcriptional activators. The complex
contains at least one of three p160 coactivators (SRC-1, GRIP1/TIF2, or pCIP/RAC3/ACTR/AIB1/TRAM1), a histone acetyltransferase such as CBP or
p300, and the histone methyltransferase CARM1 (coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1). Methylation of histone H3 and possibly other proteins in the transcription initiation complex by CARM1 occurs
along with acetylation of histones and other proteins by CBP and p300
to help remodel chromatin structure and recruit RNA polymerase II. Here
we show that other domains of CARM1 are required for the coactivator
function of CARM1 in addition to the methyltransferase activity. The
methyltransferase GRIP1, binding, and homo-oligomerization activities
all reside in the central region of CARM1, which is highly conserved
among the entire protein arginine methyltransferase family. In addition
to this conserved domain, the unique N- and C-terminal regions of
CARM1 were also required for enhancement of transcriptional activation
by nuclear receptors. While the N-terminal region has no known activity
at present, the C-terminal part of CARM1 contains an autonomous
activation domain, suggesting that it interacts with other
proteins that help to mediate CARM1 coactivator function.
Pathology and
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, California 90089
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