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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 48, 46594-46600, November 29, 2002
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From the Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Lehrstuhl für
Pflanzenphysiologie, Dornburger Strasse 159, 07743 Jena,
Germany
The influence of photosynthetic electron flow in
chloroplasts on the expression and enzyme activity of the cytosolic
nitrate reductase (NR) was studied. Using light sources that
predominantly excite either photosystem I (PSI) or photosystem II
(PSII), we modulated photosynthetic electron transport in tobacco,
Arabidopsis, and Lemna sprouts. In all
instances, oxidation of components of photosynthetic electron flow by
PSI light correlated with an increase in NR activity and/or
transcription. This is confirmed by experiments with electron transport
inhibitors 3-(3',4'-dichlorophenyl)-1,1'-dimethyl urea and
2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone. In
addition, a Lemna mutant deficient in the cytochrome
b6/f complex failed to respond to
the different light sources and exhibited a constitutively high level
of NR activity. These data indicate that NR is activated by the
oxidized state of an electron transport component located after the
plastoquinone pool. An involvement of the cytoplasmic photoreceptor
phytochrome A in this light regulation could be excluded, since an
Arabidopsis phytochrome A mutant exhibited a wild-type like
response. The observation that NR activity in the cytoplasm and the
expression of its gene in the nucleus is controlled by signals
from photosynthetic electron flow adds a new facet to the intracellular
cross-talk between chloroplasts and the nucleus.
Photosynthetic Electron Transport Determines Nitrate Reductase
Gene Expression and Activity in Higher Plants*
,
*
This work was supported by the German Research Foundation
and the Fond der Chemischen Industrie.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Present address: ICGE, P.O. Box 10504, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New
Dehli 110067, India.
§
Present address: Faculty of Natural Sciences, Dept. of Biology,
University of Tirana, Bulevardi Deshmoret e Kombit, Tirana, Albania.
¶
To whom correspondence may be addressed: Inst. of General
Botany, Dept. of Plant Physiology, University of Jena, Dornburger Str.
159, 07743 Jena, Germany. Tel.: 49-3641-949230/1; Fax: 49-3641-949232; E-mail: b7oera@uni-jena.de (to R. O.) or Tel.: 49-3641-949236; Fax:
49-3641-949232; E-mail: Thomas.Pfannschmidt@uni-jena.de (to T. P.).
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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