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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M207100200 on September 23, 2002

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 48, 46622-46631, November 29, 2002
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Identification of Acidic Residues in the Extracellular Loops of the Seven-transmembrane Domain of the Human Ca2+ Receptor Critical for Response to Ca2+ and a Positive Allosteric Modulator*

Jianxin HuDagger §, Guadalupe Reyes-CruzDagger , Wangzhong Chen, Kenneth A. Jacobson, and Allen M. SpiegelDagger

From the Dagger  Molecular Pathophysiology Section, NIDCD, and the  Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892

We investigated the role of the eight acidic residues in the extracellular loops (exo-loops) of the seven-transmembrane domain of the human Ca2+ receptor (hCaR) in receptor activation by Ca2+ and in response to a positive allosteric modulator, NPS R-568. Both in the context of the full-length receptor and of a truncated receptor lacking the extracellular domain (Rho-C-hCaR), we mutated each acidic residue to alanine, singly and in combination, and tested the effect on expression of the receptor, on activation by Ca2+, and on NPS R-568 augmentation of sensitivity to Ca2+. Of the eight acidic residues, mutation of any of three in exo-loop 2, Asp758, Glu759, and Glu767, increased the sensitivity of both the full-length hCaR and of Rho-C-hCaR to activation by Ca2+. Mutation of all five acidic residues in exo-loop 2, whether in the full-length receptor or in Rho-C-hCaR, impaired cell surface expression of the mutant receptor and thereby largely abolished response to Ca2+. Mutation of Glu837 in exo-loop 3 to alanine did not alter Ca2+ sensitivity of the full-length receptor, but in both the latter context and in Rho-C-hCaR, alanine substitution of Glu837 drastically reduced sensitivity to NPS R-568. Our data point to a key role of three specific acidic residues in exo-loop 2 in hCaR activation and to Glu837 at the junction between exo-loop 3 and transmembrane helix seven in response to NPS R-568. We speculate on the basis of these results that the three acidic residues we identified in exo-loop 2 help maintain an inactive conformation of the seven-transmembrane domain of the hCaR.

* The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

§ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Bldg. 10, Rm. 8C-101, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892. Tel.: 301-496-9212; Fax: 301-402-0374; E-mail: jianxinh@ intra.niddk.nih.gov.

Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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