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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 48, 46712-46719, November 29, 2002
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§,
From the Isoform 2 of the ryanodine receptor (RyR2) is the
major calcium release channel in cardiac muscle. In the present study,
two kinds of RyR2 cDNA were constructed, one encoding the wild type mouse RyR2 (RyR2wt) and the other encoding modified
RyR2, into which was inserted a cDNA encoding green fluorescent
protein (GFP). GFP was inserted into the divergent region 1 (DR1) of
RyR2, after the Asp-4365 (RyR2D4365-GFP). HEK293 cells
expressing both RyR2wt and RyR2D4365-GFP
cDNAs showed caffeine- and ryanodine-sensitive calcium release,
demonstrating that both wild type and modified RyR2s form functional
calcium release channels. Cells expressing the fusion protein,
RyR2D4365-GFP, were readily identified by their
fluorescence due to the presence of GFP, indicating that the inserted
GFP folded properly. Both expressed RyR2s were purified from cell
lysates in a single step by affinity chromatography using a
GST-FKBP12.6 as the affinity ligand. Cryoelectron microscopy of
purified RyR2s showed structurally intact receptors, and
three-dimensional reconstructions were obtained by single particle
image processing. The three-dimensional reconstruction of
RyR2wt appeared very similar to that of the native RyR2
purified from dog heart. The location of the inserted GFP, and
consequently of DR1, was mapped on the three-dimensional structure of
RyR2 to one of the subunit's characteristic domains, domain 3, also
known as the "handle" domain. This study describes the first
internal fusion of a protein into a ryanodine receptor, and it
demonstrates the potential of this technology for localizing functional
and structural domains on the three-dimensional structure of RyR.
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department
of Health, Albany, New York 12201, the ¶ Department of Physiology
and Biophysics, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, University of
Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada, and the
Department of
Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New
York at Albany, Albany, New York 12201
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