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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M209481200 on October 7, 2002

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 50, 48342-48350, December 13, 2002
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Autocrine Activation of the Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor/Met Tyrosine Kinase Induces Tumor Cell Motility by Regulating Pseudopodial Protrusion*,

Julie VadnaisDagger §, Geneviève NaultDagger §, Zeinab DaherDagger §, Mohammad Amraei, Yolaine DodierDagger , Ivan Robert Nabi||, and Josette NoëlDagger **

From the Dagger  Département de physiologie, Groupe de recherche en transport membranaire, and the  Département de pathologie et biologie cellulaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada

The multiple beta -actin rich pseudopodial protrusions of the invasive variant of Moloney sarcoma virus (MSV)-transformed epithelial MDCK cells (MSV-MDCK-INV) are strongly labeled for phosphotyrosine. Increased tyrosine phosphorylation among a number of proteins was detected in MSV-MDCK-INV cells relative to untransformed and MSV-transformed MDCK cells, especially for the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGF-R), otherwise known as c-met proto-oncogene. Cell surface expression of HGF-R was similar in the three cell lines, indicating that HGF-R is constitutively phosphorylated in MSV-MDCK-INV cells. Both the tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A and the HGFalpha antibody abolished HGF-R phosphorylation, induced retraction of pseudopodial protrusions, and promoted the establishment of cell-cell contacts as well as the apparition of numerous stabilizing stress fibers in MSV-MDCK-INV cells. Furthermore, anti-HGFalpha antibody abolished cell motility among MSV-MDCK-INV cells. Conditioned medium from MSV-MDCK-INV cells induced MDCK cell scattering, indicating that HGF is secreted by MSV-MDCK-INV cells. HGF titration followed by a subsequent washout of the antibodies led to renewed pseudopodial protrusion and cellular movement. We therefore show that activation of the tyrosine kinase activity of HGF-R/Met via an autocrine HGF loop is directly responsible for pseudopodial protrusion, thereby explaining the motile and invasive potential of this model epithelium-derived tumor cell line.


* This study was supported in part by grants from the Kidney Foundation of Canada (to J. N.), Canadian Research Institute for Health (to J. N.), and Cancer Research Society (to I. R. N.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains video of pseudopod protrusion and cell motility under HGF.

§ These authors contributed equally to this work.

|| FRSQ Junior II research scholar of the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec.

** FRSQ Junior II research scholar of the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec. To whom correspondence should be addressed: Université de Montréal, Faculté de médecine, Département de physiologie, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada. Tel.: 514-343-6111 (ext. 4356); Fax: 514-343-7146; E-mail: josette.noel@umontreal.ca.


Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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