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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 50, 48627-48634, December 13, 2002
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From the Center for Molecular Oncology and Department of Molecular
Genetics and Cell Biology, the University of Chicago,
Chicago, Illinois 60637
Multiple surveillance pathways maintain genomic
integrity in yeast during mitosis. Although the
cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28 is a well established
regulator of mitotic progression, evidence for a direct role in mitotic
surveillance has been lacking. We have now implicated a conserved
sequence in the Cdc28 carboxyl terminus in maintaining chromosome
stability through mitosis. Six temperature-sensitive mutants were
isolated via random mutagenesis of 13 carboxyl-terminal residues. These
mutants identify a Cdc28 domain necessary for proper mitotic arrest in
the face of kinetochore defects or microtubule inhibitors. These
chromosome stability-defective cdc28CST mutants
inappropriately continue mitosis when the mitotic spindle is disrupted
at 23 °C, display high rates of spontaneous chromosome loss at
30 °C, and suffer catastrophic aneuploidy at 35 °C. A dosage
suppression screen identified Cak1, a kinase known to phosphorylate and
activate Cdc28, as a specific high copy suppressor of
cdc28CST temperature sensitivity and chromosome
instability. Suppression is independent of the kinase activity of Cak1,
suggesting that Cak1 may bind to the carboxyl terminus to serve a
non-catalytic role in assembly and/or stabilization of active Cdc28
complexes. Significantly, these studies implicate Cdc28 and Cak1 in an
essential surveillance function required to maintain genetic stability
through mitosis.
Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Scholar. To whom correspondence
should be addressed: Center for Molecular Oncology and Dept. of
Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, the University of Chicago, 924 East 57th St., Rm. R322, Chicago, IL 60637. Tel.: 773-834-0250; Fax:
773-702-4394; E-mail: skron@midway.uchicago.edu.
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