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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M104728200 on December 4, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 6, 4380-4387, February 8, 2002
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Biochemical Characterization of the Human Copper Transporter Ctr1*

Jaekwon Lee, Maria Marjorette O. PeñaDagger , Yasuhiro Nose, and Dennis J. Thiele§

From the Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0606

The trace metal copper is an essential cofactor for a number of biological processes including mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, free radical detoxification, neurotransmitter synthesis and maturation, and iron metabolism. Consequently, copper transport at the cell surface and the delivery of copper to intracellular proteins are critical events in normal physiology. Little is known about the molecules and biochemical mechanisms responsible for copper uptake at the plasma membrane in mammals. Here, we demonstrate that human Ctr1 (hCtr1) is a component of the copper transport machinery at the plasma membrane. hCtr1 transports copper with high affinity in a time-dependent and saturable manner and is metal-specific. hCtr1-mediated 64Cu transport is an energy-independent process and is stimulated by extracellular acidic pH and high K+ concentrations. hCtr1 exists as a homomultimer at the plasma membrane in mammalian cells. This is the first report on the biochemical characterization of the human copper transporter hCtr1, which is important for understanding mechanisms for mammalian copper transport at the plasma membrane.


* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant GM62555 and a grant from the International Copper Association (to D. J. T.), National Institutes of Health Postdoctoral Fellowship 5F32GM18089 (to M. M. O. P.), and American Heart Association Postdoctoral Fellowship 9920536 (to J. L.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger Present address: Dept. of Biological Sciences, 705 Coker Life Sciences Bldg., University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208.

§ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0606. Tel.: 734-763-5717; Fax: 734-763-7799; E-mail: dthiele@umich.edu.


Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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