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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M104728200 on December 4, 2001
J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 6, 4380-4387, February 8, 2002
Biochemical Characterization of the Human Copper
Transporter Ctr1*
Jaekwon
Lee,
Maria Marjorette O.
Peña ,
Yasuhiro
Nose, and
Dennis J.
Thiele§
From the Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan
Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0606
The trace metal copper is an essential
cofactor for a number of biological processes including mitochondrial
oxidative phosphorylation, free radical detoxification,
neurotransmitter synthesis and maturation, and iron metabolism.
Consequently, copper transport at the cell surface and the delivery of
copper to intracellular proteins are critical events in normal
physiology. Little is known about the molecules and biochemical
mechanisms responsible for copper uptake at the plasma membrane in
mammals. Here, we demonstrate that human Ctr1 (hCtr1) is a component of
the copper transport machinery at the plasma membrane. hCtr1 transports
copper with high affinity in a time-dependent and saturable
manner and is metal-specific. hCtr1-mediated 64Cu
transport is an energy-independent process and is stimulated by
extracellular acidic pH and high K+ concentrations. hCtr1
exists as a homomultimer at the plasma membrane in mammalian cells.
This is the first report on the biochemical characterization of the
human copper transporter hCtr1, which is important for understanding
mechanisms for mammalian copper transport at the plasma membrane.
*
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health
Grant GM62555 and a grant from the International Copper Association (to
D. J. T.), National Institutes of Health Postdoctoral Fellowship 5F32GM18089 (to M. M. O. P.), and American Heart Association
Postdoctoral Fellowship 9920536 (to J. L.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Present address: Dept. of Biological Sciences, 705 Coker Life
Sciences Bldg., University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208.
§
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of
Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0606. Tel.: 734-763-5717; Fax: 734-763-7799; E-mail: dthiele@umich.edu.
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 2002 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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