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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 7, 5360-5368, February 15, 2002
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From the We have identified a detoxifying efflux carrier
from Arabidopsis using a functional cloning strategy. A
bacterial mutant, KAM3, is deficient in multidrug resistance and does
not survive on medium containing norfloxacin. After transformation of
KAM3 cells with an Arabidopsis cDNA library,
transformants were selected for restored growth on the toxic medium.
One cDNA clone that complemented KAM3 encodes a novel protein with
twelve putative transmembrane domains and contains limited sequence
homology to a multidrug and toxin efflux carrier from bacteria. We
named this Arabidopsis protein AtDTX1 (for
Arabidopsis thaliana
Detoxification 1). A large gene family of at least 56 members encoding related proteins was
identified from the Arabidopsis genome. Further
functional analysis of AtDTX1 protein in KAM3 mutant demonstrated that
AtDTX1 serves as an efflux carrier for plant-derived alkaloids,
antibiotics, and other toxic compounds. Interestingly, AtDTX1 was also
capable of detoxifying Cd2+, a heavy metal. Further
experiments suggest that AtDTX1 is localized in the plasma membrane in
plant cells thereby mediating the efflux of plant-derived or exogenous
toxic compounds from the cytoplasm.
Functional Cloning and Characterization of a Plant Efflux Carrier
for Multidrug and Heavy Metal Detoxification*
,,,¶
Department of Plant and Microbial Biology,
University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 and the
§ Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacological
Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
*
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health
Grant GM-52826 (to S. L.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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