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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M110685200 on November 27, 2001

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 7, 5418-5425, February 15, 2002
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Peptide Elongation Factor eEF1A-2/S1 Expression in Cultured Differentiated Myotubes and Its Protective Effect against Caspase- 3-mediated Apoptosis*

Louis-Bruno RuestDagger §, Richard MarcotteDagger , and Eugenia WangDagger §||

From the Dagger  Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, the Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada, and the § Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202

Peptide elongation factor eEF1A-2/S1, which shares 92% homology with eEF1A-1/EF-1alpha , is exclusively expressed in brain, heart, and skeletal muscle. In these tissues, eEF1A-2/S1 is the only type 1A elongation factor expressed in adulthood because a transition from eEF1A-1/EF-1alpha to eEF1A-2/S1 occurs in early postnatal development. In this article, we report that the expression of eEF1A-2/S1 protein is activated upon myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, we show that upon serum deprivation-induced apoptosis, eEF1A-2/S1 protein disappears and is replaced by its homolog eEF1A-1/EF-1alpha in dying myotubes; cell death is characterized by the activation of caspase-3. In addition, we show that the continuous expression of eEF1A-2/S1 resulting from adenoviral gene transfer protects differentiated myotubes from apoptosis by delaying their death, thus suggesting a prosurvival function for eEF1A-2/S1 in skeletal muscle. In contrast, myotube death is accelerated by the introduction of the homologous gene, eEF1A-1/EF-1alpha , whereas cells transfected with antisense eEF1A-1/EF-1alpha are protected from apoptosis. These results demonstrate that the two sister genes, eEF1A-1/EF-1alpha and eEF1A-2/S1, regulate myotube survival with the former exerting prodeath activity and the latter a prosurvival effect.


* This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Research Operating Grant P01 AG 10821-06 (to E. W.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Recipient of a doctoral research award from the Medical Research Council of Canada (now Canadian Institute of Health Research).

|| To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, 470 S. Preston St., Rm. 304, Louisville, KY 40202. Tel.: 502-852-2554; Fax: 502-852-2555; E-mail: Eugenia.wang@louisville.edu.


Copyright © 2002 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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