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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 277, Issue 7, 5418-5425, February 15, 2002
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From the Peptide elongation factor eEF1A-2/S1,
which shares 92% homology with eEF1A-1/EF-1
Peptide Elongation Factor eEF1A-2/S1 Expression in
Cultured Differentiated Myotubes and Its Protective Effect against
Caspase- 3-mediated Apoptosis*
§¶,
, and
§
Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging,
Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis
Jewish General Hospital, the Department of Medicine, McGill University,
Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada, and the § Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of
Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
, is exclusively
expressed in brain, heart, and skeletal muscle. In these tissues,
eEF1A-2/S1 is the only type 1A elongation factor expressed in adulthood
because a transition from eEF1A-1/EF-1
to eEF1A-2/S1 occurs in early
postnatal development. In this article, we report that the expression
of eEF1A-2/S1 protein is activated upon myogenic differentiation.
Furthermore, we show that upon serum deprivation-induced apoptosis,
eEF1A-2/S1 protein disappears and is replaced by its homolog
eEF1A-1/EF-1
in dying myotubes; cell death is characterized by the
activation of caspase-3. In addition, we show that the continuous
expression of eEF1A-2/S1 resulting from adenoviral gene transfer
protects differentiated myotubes from apoptosis by delaying their
death, thus suggesting a prosurvival function for eEF1A-2/S1 in
skeletal muscle. In contrast, myotube death is accelerated by the
introduction of the homologous gene, eEF1A-1/EF-1
,
whereas cells transfected with antisense eEF1A-1/EF-1
are protected from apoptosis. These results demonstrate that the two
sister genes, eEF1A-1/EF-1
and eEF1A-2/S1,
regulate myotube survival with the former exerting prodeath activity
and the latter a prosurvival effect.
*
This work was supported in part by National Institutes of
Health Research Operating Grant P01 AG 10821-06 (to E. W.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, 470 S. Preston St., Rm. 304, Louisville, KY 40202. Tel.: 502-852-2554; Fax: 502-852-2555; E-mail: Eugenia.wang@louisville.edu.
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