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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M208520200 on October 23, 2002
J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 1, 382-390, January 3, 2003
Betaglycan Expression Is Transcriptionally Up-regulated during
Skeletal Muscle Differentiation
CLONING OF MURINE BETAGLYCAN GENE PROMOTER AND ITS MODULATION BY
MyoD, RETINOIC ACID, AND TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR- *
Fernando
López-Casillas §,
Cecilia
Riquelme¶,
Yoshiaki
Pérez-Kato ,
M. Verónica
Ponce-Castañeda ,
Nelson
Osses¶,
José
Esparza-López ,
Gerardo
González-Núñez ,
Claudio
Cabello-Verrugio¶,
Valentín
Mendoza ,
Victor
Troncoso¶, and
Enrique
Brandan§¶
From the Instituto de Fisiología Celular,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal
70-246, México City, D.F., 04510, México and the
¶ Centro de Regulación Celular y Patología, Facultad
de Ciencias Biológicas, Millenium Institute for Fundamental and
Applied Biology, P. Universidad Católica de Chile,
Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile
Betaglycan is a
membrane-anchored proteoglycan co-receptor that binds transforming
growth factor (TGF- ) via its core protein and basic
fibroblast growth factor through its glycosaminoglycan chains. In this
study we evaluated the expression of betaglycan during the
C2C12 skeletal muscle differentiation.
Betaglycan expression, as determined by Northern and Western blot, was
up-regulated during the conversion of myoblasts to myotubes. The mouse
betaglycan gene promoter was cloned, and its sequence showed putative
binding sites for SP1, Smad3, Smad4, muscle regulatory factor elements such as MyoD and MEF2, and retinoic acid receptor. Transcriptional activity of the mouse betaglycan promoter reporter was also
up-regulated in differentiating C2C12 cells. We
found that MyoD, but not myogenin, stimulated this transcriptional
activity even in the presence of high serum. Betaglycan promoter
activity was increased by RA and inhibited by the three isoforms of
TGF- . On the other hand, basic fibroblast growth factor, BMP-2, and
hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, which are inhibitors of
myogenesis, had little effect. In myotubes, up-regulated betaglycan was
also detectable by TGF- affinity labeling and immunofluorescence
microscopy studies. The latter indicated that betaglycan was localized
both on the cell surface and in the ECM. Forced expression of
betaglycan in C2C12 myoblasts increases their
responsiveness to TGF- 2, suggesting that it performs a TGF-
presentation function in this cell lineage. These results indicate that
betaglycan expression is up-regulated during myogenesis and that MyoD
and RA modulate its expression by a mechanism that is independent of myogenin.
*
This work was supported in part by FONDAP-Biomedicine Grant
13980001 (to E. B.). The Millenium Institute for Fundamental and Applied Biology is financed in part by the Ministerio de
Planificación y Cooperación (Chile).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBankTM/EBI Data Bank with accession number(s) AF537325.
§
Supported in part by International Research Scholars grants from
the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Recipient of a Presidential Chair in Science from the Chilean
Government. To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. de
Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias
Biológicas, P. Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla
114-D, Santiago, Chile. Fax: 56-2-635-5395; E-mail:
ebrandan@genes.bio.puc.cl.
Copyright © 2003 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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