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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M209153200 on January 1, 2003

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 10, 8199-8211, March 7, 2003
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Modulation of Insulin-stimulated Degradation of Human Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 by Serine 312 Phosphorylation*

Michael W. GreeneDagger , Hiroshi SakaueDagger , Lihong WangDagger , Dario R. Alessi§, and Richard A. RothDagger

From the Dagger  Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 and the § Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Wellcome Trust Building, MSI/WTB Complex, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH , Scotland, United Kingdom

Ser/Thr phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is a negative regulator of insulin signaling. One potential mechanism for this is that Ser/Thr phosphorylation decreases the ability of IRS-1 to be tyrosine-phosphorylated by the insulin receptor. An additional mechanism for modulating insulin signaling is via the down-regulation of IRS-1 protein levels. Insulin-induced degradation of IRS-1 has been well documented, both in cells as well as in patients with diabetes. Ser/Thr phosphorylation of IRS-1 correlates with IRS-1 degradation, yet the details of how this occurs are still unknown. In the present study we have examined the potential role of different signaling cascades in the insulin-induced degradation of IRS-1. First, we found that inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin block the degradation. Second, knockout cells lacking one of the key effectors of this cascade, the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1, were found to be deficient in the insulin-stimulated degradation of IRS-1. Conversely, overexpression of this enzyme potentiated insulin-stimulated IRS-1 degradation. Third, concurrent with the decrease in IRS-1 degradation, the inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin also blocked the insulin-stimulated increase in Ser312 phosphorylation. Most important, an IRS-1 mutant in which Ser312 was changed to alanine was found to be resistant to insulin-stimulated IRS-1 degradation. Finally, an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, SP600125, at 10 µM did not block IRS-1 degradation and IRS-1 Ser312 phosphorylation yet completely blocked insulin-stimulated c-Jun phosphorylation. Further, insulin-stimulated c-Jun phosphorylation was not blocked by inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin, indicating that c-Jun N-terminal kinase is unlikely to be the kinase phosphorylating IRS-1 Ser312 in response to insulin. In summary, our results indicate that the insulin-stimulated degradation of IRS-1 via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway is in part dependent upon the Ser312 phosphorylation of IRS-1.


* This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grant DK34976 (to R. A. R.) and an American Diabetes Association mentor-based postdoctoral fellowship (to H. S.).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Rm. 3145B, CCSR, 269 Campus Dr., Stanford, CA 94305-5174. Tel.: 650-723-5933; Fax: 650-723-2253; E-mail: rroth@stanford.edu.


Copyright © 2003 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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