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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M209153200 on January 1, 2003
J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 10, 8199-8211, March 7, 2003
Modulation of Insulin-stimulated Degradation of Human Insulin
Receptor Substrate-1 by Serine 312 Phosphorylation*
Michael W.
Greene ,
Hiroshi
Sakaue ,
Lihong
Wang ,
Dario R.
Alessi§, and
Richard A.
Roth ¶
From the Department of Molecular
Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford,
California 94305 and the § Medical Research Council
Protein Phosphorylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, Department of
Biochemistry, Wellcome Trust Building, MSI/WTB Complex, University of
Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH , Scotland, United Kingdom
Ser/Thr phosphorylation of insulin
receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is a negative regulator of insulin
signaling. One potential mechanism for this is that Ser/Thr
phosphorylation decreases the ability of IRS-1 to be
tyrosine-phosphorylated by the insulin receptor. An additional
mechanism for modulating insulin signaling is via the down-regulation
of IRS-1 protein levels. Insulin-induced degradation of IRS-1 has been
well documented, both in cells as well as in patients with diabetes.
Ser/Thr phosphorylation of IRS-1 correlates with IRS-1 degradation, yet
the details of how this occurs are still unknown. In the present study
we have examined the potential role of different signaling cascades in
the insulin-induced degradation of IRS-1. First, we found that
inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mammalian target of
rapamycin block the degradation. Second, knockout cells lacking one of
the key effectors of this cascade, the
phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1, were found to be
deficient in the insulin-stimulated degradation of IRS-1. Conversely, overexpression of this enzyme potentiated insulin-stimulated
IRS-1 degradation. Third, concurrent with the decrease in IRS-1
degradation, the inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and
mammalian target of rapamycin also blocked the insulin-stimulated
increase in Ser312 phosphorylation. Most important,
an IRS-1 mutant in which Ser312 was changed to alanine was
found to be resistant to insulin-stimulated IRS-1 degradation. Finally,
an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, SP600125, at 10 µM did not block IRS-1 degradation and IRS-1
Ser312 phosphorylation yet completely blocked
insulin-stimulated c-Jun phosphorylation. Further, insulin-stimulated
c-Jun phosphorylation was not blocked by inhibitors of the
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin,
indicating that c-Jun N-terminal kinase is unlikely to be the kinase
phosphorylating IRS-1 Ser312 in response to insulin. In
summary, our results indicate that the insulin-stimulated degradation
of IRS-1 via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway is in part
dependent upon the Ser312 phosphorylation of
IRS-1.
*
This work was supported in part by National Institutes of
Health Grant DK34976 (to R. A. R.) and an American Diabetes
Association mentor-based postdoctoral fellowship (to H. S.).The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
¶
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Molecular
Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Rm. 3145B, CCSR,
269 Campus Dr., Stanford, CA 94305-5174. Tel.: 650-723-5933; Fax: 650-723-2253; E-mail: rroth@stanford.edu.
Copyright © 2003 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 2003 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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