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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 12, 10353-10360, March 21, 2003
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From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and the Cancer
Research Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley,
Berkeley, California 94720-3200
In Con8 mammary epithelial tumor cells, we
have documented previously that the synthetic glucocorticoid
dexamethasone induces the reorganization of the tight junction and
adherens junction (apical junction) and stimulates the monolayer
transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), which is a reliable
in vitro measurement of tight junction sealing. Western
blots demonstrated that dexamethasone treatment down-regulated the
level of the RhoA small GTPase prior to the stimulation of the
monolayer TER. To test the role of RhoA in the steroid regulation of
apical junction dynamics functionally, RhoA levels were altered in Con8
cells by transfection of either constitutively active (RhoA.V14) or
dominant negative (RhoA.DN19) forms of RhoA. Ectopic expression of
constitutively active RhoA disrupted the dexamethasone-stimulated
localization of zonula occludens-1 and
-catenin to sites of
cell-cell contact, inhibited tight junction sealing, and prevented the
complete formation of the F-actin ring structure at the apical side of
the cell monolayer. In a complementary manner, dominant negative RhoA
caused a precocious organization of the tight junction, adherens
junction, and the F-actin rings in the absence of steroid, whereas the
monolayer TER remained glucocorticoid-responsive. Taken together, our
results demonstrate that the glucocorticoid down-regulation of RhoA is a required step in the steroid signaling pathway which controls the
organization of the apical junctional complex and the actin cytoskeleton in mammary epithelial cells.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Molecular
and Cell Biology, 591 LSA, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200. Tel.: 510-642-8319; Fax:
510-643-6791; E-mail: glfire@uclink4.berkeley.edu.
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