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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M212418200 on January 7, 2003
J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 12, 10649-10656, March 21, 2003
Functional Expression and Characterization of an Archaeal
Aquaporin
AqpM FROM METHANOTHERMOBACTER MARBURGENSIS*
David
Kozono §,
Xiaodong
Ding§¶,
Ikuko
Iwasaki¶,
Xianying
Meng ,
Yoichi
Kamagata ,
Peter
Agre **, and
Yoshichika
Kitagawa¶
From the Departments of Biological Chemistry and
Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,
Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2185, ¶ Biotechnology Institute, Akita
Prefectural University, Ogata, 010-0444, and Microbial and
Genetic Resources Research Group, Research Institute of Biological
Resources, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and
Technology, Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba,
Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
Researchers have described aquaporin water
channels from diverse eubacterial and eukaryotic species but not from
the third division of life, Archaea. Methanothermobacter
marburgensis is a methanogenic archaeon that thrives under
anaerobic conditions at 65 °C. After transfer to hypertonic media,
M. marburgensis sustained cytoplasmic shrinkage that could
be prevented with HgCl2. We amplified aqpM by
PCR from M. marburgensis DNA. Like known aquaporins, the
open reading frame of aqpM encodes two tandem repeats each
containing three membrane-spanning domains and a pore-forming loop with
the signature motif Asn-Pro-Ala (NPA). Unlike other known homologs, the
putative Hg2+-sensitive cysteine was found proximal to the
first NPA motif in AqpM, rather than the second. Moreover, amino acids
distinguishing water-selective homologs from glycerol-transporting
homologs were not conserved in AqpM. A fusion protein, 10-His-AqpM, was
expressed and purified from Escherichia coli. AqpM
reconstituted into proteoliposomes was shown by stopped-flow light
scattering assays to have elevated osmotic water permeability
(Pf = 57 µm·s 1 versus
12 µm·s 1 of control liposomes) that was reversibly
inhibited with HgCl2. Transient, initial glycerol
permeability was also detected. AqpM remained functional after
incubations at temperatures above 80 °C and formed SDS-stable
tetramers. Our studies of archaeal AqpM demonstrate the ubiquity of
aquaporins in nature and provide new insight into protein structure and
transport selectivity.
*
This work was supported by a grant-in-aid (to Y. K.) from
the Japanese Society for Promotion of Science Postdoctoral Fellowship P00208 for foreign researcher and grants from the National Institutes of Health and the Human Frontier Science Program.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
§
Both authors contributed equally to this work.
**
To whom correspondence may be addressed: Dept. Biological
Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21212-2185. Tel.: 410-955-7049; Fax: 410-955-3149; E-mail: pagre@jhmi.edu.

To whom correspondence may be addressed: Biotechnology
Institute, Akita Prefectural University, Ogata, 010-0044, Japan. Tel.: 81-185-45-3930; Fax: 81-185-45-2678; E-mail:
kitagawa@agri.akita-pu.ac.jp.
Copyright © 2003 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 2003 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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