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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M210772200 on January 30, 2003

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 15, 12796-12804, April 11, 2003
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Syntaxin 1A Regulates ENaC via Domain-specific Interactions*

Steven B. CondliffeDagger §, Marcelo D. Carattino||, Raymond A. FrizzellDagger **, and Hui ZhangDagger **

From the Dagger  Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and the  Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261

The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a heterotrimeric protein responsible for Na+ absorption across the apical membranes of several absorptive epithelia. The rate of Na+ absorption is governed in part by regulated membrane trafficking mechanisms that control the apical membrane ENaC density. Previous reports have implicated a role for the t-SNARE protein, syntaxin 1A (S1A), in the regulation of ENaC current (INa). In the present study, we examine the structure-function relations influencing S1A-ENaC interactions. In vitro pull-down assays demonstrated that S1A directly interacts with the C termini of the alpha -, beta -, and gamma -ENaC subunits but not with the N terminus of any ENaC subunit. The H3 domain of S1A is the critical motif mediating S1A-ENaC binding. Functional studies in ENaC expressing Xenopus oocytes revealed that deletion of the H3 domain of co-expressed S1A eliminated its inhibition of INa, and acute injection of a GST-H3 fusion protein into ENaC expressing oocytes inhibited INa to the same extent as S1A co-expression. In cell surface ENaC labeling experiments, reductions in plasma membrane ENaC accounted for the H3 domain inhibition of INa. Individually substituting C terminus-truncated alpha -, beta -, or gamma -ENaC subunits for their wild-type counterparts reversed the S1A-induced inhibition of INa, and oocytes expressing ENaC comprised of three C terminus-truncated subunits showed no S1A inhibition of INa. C terminus truncation or disruption of the C terminus beta -subunit PY motif increases INa by interfering with ENaC endocytosis. In contrast to subunit truncation, a beta -ENaC PY mutation did not relieve S1A inhibition of INa, suggesting that S1A does not perturb Nedd4 interactions that lead to ENaC endocytosis/degradation. This study provides support for the concept that S1A inhibits ENaC-mediated Na+ transport by decreasing cell surface channel number via direct protein-protein interactions at the ENaC C termini.


* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant DK54814 and Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Grants FRIZZE99G0 and FRIZZE97RO.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

§ Recipient of a postdoctoral fellowship from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation.

|| Recipient of a postdoctoral fellowships from the Pennsylvania-Delaware Affiliate of the American Heart Association.

** To whom correspondence may be addressed: Dept. of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, S362 BST, 3500 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261. Tel.: 412-648-9498; Fax: 412-648-8330; E-mail: frizzell@pitt.edu or Zhangh{at}pitt.edu.


Copyright © 2003 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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