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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M209501200 on February 13, 2003

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 18, 16095-16106, May 2, 2003
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Maurocalcine and Peptide A Stabilize Distinct Subconductance States of Ryanodine Receptor Type 1, Revealing a Proportional Gating Mechanism*

Lili ChenDagger , Eric Estève§, Jean-Marc Sabatier, Michel Ronjat§, Michel De Waard§, Paul D. Allen||, and Isaac N. PessahDagger **

From the Dagger  Department of Molecular Biosciences and Graduate Program in Neurosciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, § Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, INSERM EMI 99-31, UJF, Laboratoire Canaux Ioniques et Signalisation, 17 Rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France,  CNRS UMR 6560, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Boulevard Pierre Dramard, 13916 Marseille Cedex 20, France, and the || Department of Anesthesia, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Maurocalcine (MCa) isolated from Scorpio maurus palmatus venom shares 82% sequence identity with imperatoxin A. Both scorpion toxins are putative mimics of the II-III loop peptide (termed peptide A (pA)) of alpha 1s-dihydropyridine receptor and are thought to act at a common site on ryanodine receptor type 1 (RyR1) important for skeletal muscle EC coupling. The relationship between the actions of synthetic MCa (sMCa) and pA on RyR1 were examined. sMCa released Ca2+ from SR vesicles (EC50 = 17.5 nM) in a manner inhibited by micromolar ryanodine or ruthenium red. pA (0.5-40 µM) failed to induce SR Ca2+ release. Rather, pA enhanced Ca2+ loading into SR and fully inhibited Ca2+-, caffeine-, and sMCa-induced Ca2+ release. The two peptides modified single channel gating behavior in distinct ways. With Cs+-carrying current, 10 nM to 1 µM sMCa induced long lived subconductances having 48% of the characteristic full open state and occasional transitions to 29% at either positive or negative holding potentials. In contrast, pA stabilized long lived channel closures with occasional burst transitions to 65% (s1) and 86% (s2) of the full conductance. The actions of pA and sMCa were observed in tandem. sMCa stabilized additional subconductance states proportional to pA-induced subconductances (i.e. 43% of pA-modified s1 and s2 substates), revealing a proportional gating mechanism. [3H]Ryanodine binding and surface plasmon resonance analyses indicated that the peptides did not interact by simple competition for a single class of mutually exclusive sites on RyR1 to produce proportional gating. The actions of sMCa were also observed with ryanodine-modified channels and channels deficient in immunophilin 12-kDa FK506-binding protein. These results provide evidence that sMCa and pA stabilize distinct RyR1 channel states through distinct mechanisms that allosterically stabilize gating states having proportional conductance.

* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant 2PO1 AR17605 and NIEHS (NIH) Center for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Grant 1PO1 ES11269.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

** To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 530-752-6696; Fax: 530-752-4698; E-mail: inpessah@ucdavis.edu.

Copyright © 2003 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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