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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M300261200 on February 18, 2003

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 18, 16117-16128, May 2, 2003
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Characterization of Phosphopeptide Motifs Specific for the Src Homology 2 Domains of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 (STAT1) and STAT3*

Michèle Wiederkehr-AdamDagger §, Philipp ErnstDagger §, Kurt Müller, Elke BieckDagger , Frank O. Gombert, Johannes Ottl||, Patrick Graff, Fred Grossmüller**, and Markus H. HeimDagger Dagger Dagger

From the Dagger  Department of Research, University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel,  Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland, || Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany, and ** Novartis Research Institute, A-1235 Vienna, Austria

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3 are activated by overlapping but distinct sets of cytokines. STATs are recruited to the different cytokine receptors through their Src homology (SH) 2 domains that make highly specific interactions with phosphotyrosine-docking sites on the receptors. We used a degenerate phosphopeptide library synthesized on 35-µm TentaGel beads and fluorescence-activated bead sorting to determine the sequence specificity of the peptide-binding sites of the SH2 domains of STAT1 and STAT3. The large bead library allowed not only peptide sequencing of pools of beads but also of single beads. The method was validated through surface plasmon resonance measurements of the affinities of different peptides to the STAT SH2 domains. Furthermore, when selected peptides were attached to a truncated erythropoietin receptor and stably expressed in DA3 cells, activation of STAT1 or STAT3 could be achieved by stimulation with erythropoietin. The combined analysis of pool sequencing, the individual peptide sequences, and plasmon resonance measurements allowed the definition of SH2 domain binding motifs. STAT1 preferentially binds peptides with the motif phosphotyrosine-(aspartic acid/glutamic acid)-(proline/arginine)-(arginine/proline/glutamine), whereby a negatively charged amino acid at +1 excludes a proline at +2 and vice versa. STAT3 preferentially binds peptides with the motif phosphotyrosine-(basic or hydrophobic)-(proline or basic)-glutamine. For both STAT1 and STAT3, specific high affinity phosphopeptides were identified that can be used for the design of inhibitory molecules.


* This work was supported by Swiss National Science Foundation Grants 3200-052626.97 and 32-54973.98, by the Sandoz-Stiftung zur Förderung der Medizinisch-Biologischen Wissenschaften, and by the Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft Basel.The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

§ Both authors contributed equally to this work.

Dagger Dagger To whom correspondence should be addressed: Zentrum für Lehre und Forschung, Kantonsspital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. Tel.: 41-61-265-33-62; Fax: 41-61-265-23-50; E-mail: Markus.Heim@unibas.ch.


Copyright © 2003 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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