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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 18, 16117-16128, May 2, 2003
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§,
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From the Signal transducers and activators of
transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3 are activated by overlapping but
distinct sets of cytokines. STATs are recruited to the different
cytokine receptors through their Src homology (SH) 2 domains that make
highly specific interactions with phosphotyrosine-docking sites on the
receptors. We used a degenerate phosphopeptide library synthesized on
35-µm TentaGel beads and fluorescence-activated bead sorting to
determine the sequence specificity of the peptide-binding sites of the
SH2 domains of STAT1 and STAT3. The large bead library allowed not only
peptide sequencing of pools of beads but also of single beads. The
method was validated through surface plasmon resonance measurements of the affinities of different peptides to the STAT SH2 domains. Furthermore, when selected peptides were attached to a truncated erythropoietin receptor and stably expressed in DA3 cells, activation of STAT1 or STAT3 could be achieved by stimulation with erythropoietin. The combined analysis of pool sequencing, the individual peptide sequences, and plasmon resonance measurements allowed the definition of
SH2 domain binding motifs. STAT1 preferentially binds peptides with the
motif phosphotyrosine-(aspartic acid/glutamic
acid)-(proline/arginine)-(arginine/proline/glutamine), whereby a
negatively charged amino acid at +1 excludes a proline at +2 and vice
versa. STAT3 preferentially binds peptides with the motif
phosphotyrosine-(basic or hydrophobic)-(proline or basic)-glutamine. For both STAT1 and STAT3, specific high affinity phosphopeptides were
identified that can be used for the design of inhibitory molecules.
Department of Research, University Hospital
Basel, CH-4031 Basel, ¶ Novartis Pharma AG,
CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland,
Max Planck Institute of
Biochemistry, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany, and
** Novartis Research Institute, A-1235 Vienna, Austria

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Zentrum
für Lehre und Forschung, Kantonsspital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. Tel.: 41-61-265-33-62; Fax:
41-61-265-23-50; E-mail: Markus.Heim@unibas.ch.
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