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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 19, 17150-17157, May 9, 2003

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Cholesterol Distribution in the Golgi Complex of DITNC1 Astrocytes Is Differentially Altered by Fresh and Aged Amyloid -Peptide-(1-42)^*

Urule Igbavboa, Justine M. Pidcock, Leslie N. A. Johnson, Todd M. Malo, Ann E. Studniski, Su Yu^§, Grace Y. Sun^§, and W. Gibson Wood^¶

From the  Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55417 and the ^§ Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211

The Golgi complex plays an important role in cholesterol trafficking in cells, and amyloid -peptides (As) alter cholesterol trafficking. The hypothesis was tested that fresh and aged A-(1-42) would differentially modify Golgi cholesterol content in DINTC1 astrocytes and that the effects of A-(1-42) would be associated with the region of the Golgi complex. Two different methods were used to determine the effects of A-(1-42) on Golgi complex cholesterol. Confocal microscopy showed that fresh A-(1-42) significantly increased cholesterol and that aged A-(1-42) significantly reduced cholesterol content in the Golgi complex. Isolation of the Golgi complex into two fractions using density gradient centrifugation showed effects of aged A-(1-42) similar to those observed with confocal microscopy but revealed the novel finding that fresh A-(1-42) had opposite effects on the two Golgi fractions suggesting a specificity of A-(1-42) perturbation of the Golgi complex. Phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase D activity, cell membrane cholesterol, and apolipoprotein E levels were associated with effects of fresh A-(1-42) on cholesterol distribution but not with effects of aged A-(1-42), arguing against a common mechanism. Extracellular A-(1-42) targets the Golgi complex and disrupts cell cholesterol homeostasis, and this action of A-(1-42) could alter cell functions requiring optimal levels of cholesterol.

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