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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 2, 1248-1258, January 10, 2003
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From the Carbon monoxide (CO), a reaction product of
the cytoprotective gene heme oxygenase, has been shown to be protective
against organ injury in a variety of models. One potential mechanism
whereby CO affords cytoprotection is through its anti-apoptotic
properties. Our studies show that low level, exogenous CO attenuates
anoxia-reoxygenation (A-R)-induced lung endothelial cell apoptosis. Exposure of primary rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells to
minimal levels of CO inhibits apoptosis and enhances phospho-p38
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in A-R. Transfection
of p38
Section of Pulmonary and Critical
Care Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven,
Connecticut 06520, § Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and
Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania 15213,
Department of Molecular Genetics, Alton
Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana 70121, 
Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of
Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, and §§ Program
in Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School,
Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
dominant negative mutant or inhibition of p38 MAPK activity
with SB203580 ablates the anti-apoptotic effects of CO in A-R. CO, through p38 MAPK, indirectly modulates caspase 3. Furthermore, we
correlate our in vitro apoptosis model with an in
vivo model of A-R by showing that CO can attenuate I-R injury of
the lung. Taken together, our data are the first to demonstrate in
models of A-R that the anti-apoptotic effects of CO are via modulation of p38 MAPK and caspase 3.

Supported by NIH Grant HL-04034 and by the
American Lung Association of Connecticut. To whom correspondence
should be addressed: Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,
Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., LCI 105, New Haven,
CT 06520. Tel.: 203-785-5877; Fax: 203-785-3826; E-mail:
patty.lee@yale.edu.
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