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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M211136200 on March 11, 2003

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 20, 17953-17962, May 16, 2003
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Maturation of the Regulation of GLUT4 Activity by p38 MAPK during L6 Cell Myogenesis*

Wenyan Niu, Carol HuangDagger §, Zafar NawazDagger , Michelle Levy||, Romel Somwar**, Dailin LiDagger Dagger , Philip J. Bilan, and Amira Klip§§

From the Programme in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada

Insulin stimulates glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells and fat cells by promoting the rapid translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters to the plasma membrane. Recent work from our laboratory supports the concept that insulin also stimulates the intrinsic activity of GLUT4 through a signaling pathway that includes p38 MAPK. Here we show that regulation of GLUT4 activity by insulin develops during maturation of skeletal muscle cells into myotubes in concert with the ability of insulin to stimulate p38 MAPK. In L6 myotubes expressing GLUT4 that carries an exofacial myc-epitope (L6-GLUT4myc), insulin-stimulated GLUT4myc translocation equals in magnitude the glucose uptake response. Inhibition of p38 MAPK with SB203580 reduces insulin-stimulated glucose uptake without affecting GLUT4myc translocation. In contrast, in myoblasts, the magnitude of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is significantly lower than that of GLUT4myc translocation and is insensitive to SB203580. Activation of p38 MAPK by insulin is considerably higher in myotubes than in myoblasts, as is the activation of upstream kinases MKK3/MKK6. In contrast, the activation of all three Akt isoforms and GLUT4 translocation are similar in myoblasts and myotubes. Furthermore, GLUT4myc translocation and phosphorylation of regulatory sites on Akt in L6-GLUT4myc myotubes are equally sensitive to insulin, whereas glucose uptake and phosphorylation of regulatory sites on p38 MAPK show lower sensitivity to the hormone. These observations draw additional parallels between Akt and GLUT4 translocation and between p38 MAPK and GLUT4 activation. Regulation of GLUT4 activity by insulin develops upon muscle cell differentiation and correlates with p38 MAPK activation by insulin.

* This work was supported in part by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR, Grant MT-12601).The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Dagger Both authors contributed equally to this work.

§ Supported by a fellowship from the Canadian Pediatric Endocrinology Group and CIHR.

Supported by a fellowship from The Hospital for Sick Children.

|| Supported by summer studentships from the Banting and Best Diabetes Centre and the Department of Physiology from the University of Toronto.

** Supported by a studentship from CIHR.

Dagger Dagger Supported by a fellowship from the Canadian Diabetes Association.

§§ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Programme in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. Tel.: 416-813-6392; Fax: 416-813-5028; E-mail: amira@sickkids.ca.

Copyright © 2003 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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