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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 20, 18658-18663, May 16, 2003
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From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Strathclyde
Institute for Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 27 Taylor Street,
Glasgow G4 ONR, Scotland, United Kingdom
The inhibitory
The Inhibitory
Subunit of the Type 6 Retinal cGMP
Phosphodiesterase Functions to Link c-Src and G-protein-coupled
Receptor Kinase 2 in a Signaling Unit That Regulates p42/p44
Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase by Epidermal Growth Factor*
subunit of the
retinal photoreceptor type 6 cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE
) is
phosphorylated by G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 on threonine 62 and regulates the epidermal growth factor- dependent
stimulation of p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase in human
embryonic kidney 293 cells. We report here that PDE
is in a
pre-formed complex with c-Src and that stimulation of cells with
epidermal growth factor promotes the association of GRK2 with this
complex. c-Src has a critical role in the stimulation of the p42/p44
mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade by epidermal growth factor,
because c-Src inhibitors block the activation of this kinase by the
growth factor. Mutation of Thr-62 (to Ala) in PDE
produced a GRK2
phosphorylation-resistant mutant that was less effective in associating
with GRK2 in response to epidermal growth factor and did not potentiate
the stimulation of p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase by this
growth factor. The transcript for a short splice variant version of
PDE
lacking the Thr-62 phosphorylation site is also expressed in
certain mammalian cells and, in common with the Thr-62 mutant, failed
to potentiate the stimulatory effect of epidermal growth factor on
p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase. The mutation of Thr-22 (to
Ala) in PDE
, which is a site for phosphorylation by p42/p44
mitogen-activated protein kinase, resulted in a prolonged activation of
p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase by epidermal growth factor,
suggesting a role for this phosphorylation event in the negative
feedback control of PDE
.
*
This work was supported by grants from The Wellcome Trust.The costs of publication of this
article were defrayed in part by the
payment of page charges. The article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement" in
accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 0141-552-4400 (ext. 2659); Fax: 0141-552-2562; E-mail: n.j.pyne@strath.ac.uk.
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