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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 23, 20480-20489, June 6, 2003

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Questioning the Role of Checkpoint Kinase 2 in the p53 DNA Damage Response^*

Jinwoo Ahn , Marshall Urist  and Carol Prives 

From the Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027

Cdc25C and p53 have been reported to be physiological targets of checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2). Surprisingly, although Chk2 purified from DNA damage sustaining cells has dramatically increased ability to phosphorylate Cdc25C when compared with untreated cells, its ability to phosphorylate p53 is weak before treatment, and there is no increase in its activity toward p53 after DNA damage by irradiation or the radiomimetic agent neocarzinostatin. Furthermore, introduction of Chk2 short interfering RNA into three different human tumor cell lines leads to marked reduction of Chk2 protein, but p53 is still stabilized and active after DNA damage. The results with Chk1 short interfering RNA indicate as well that Chk1 does not play a role in human p53 stabilization after DNA damage. Thus, Chk1 and Chk2 are unlikely to be regulators of p53 in at least some human tumor cells. We discuss our results in the context of previous findings demonstrating a requirement for Chk2 in p53 stabilization and activity.

Received for publication, December 26, 2002 , and in revised form, March 19, 2003.

^* This work was supported by Grant CA87497 from the NCI, National Institutes of Health. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

These authors contributed equally to this work.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 212-854-5277; Fax: 212-865-8246; E-mail: clp3{at}columbia.edu.

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