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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 25, 22787-22794, June 20, 2003

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Synthesis of Disialyl Lewis a (Le^a) Structure in Colon Cancer Cell Lines by a Sialyltransferase, ST6GalNAc VI, Responsible for the Synthesis of -Series Gangliosides^*

Akiko Tsuchida , Tetsuya Okajima , Keiko Furukawa , Takayuki Ando , Hideharu Ishida , Aruto Yoshida ¶, Yoko Nakamura , Reiji Kannagi ||, Makoto Kiso  and Koichi Furukawa  **

From the Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-0065, the Department of Applied Bio-organic Chemistry, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, ^¶Central Laboratories for Key Technology, Kirin Brewery Co., Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, and the ^||Program of Molecular Pathology, Aichi Cancer Center, Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan

Biosynthesis of disialyl Lewis a (Le^a) was analyzed using previously cloned ST6GalNAc V and ST6GalNAc VI, which were responsible for the synthesis of -series gangliosides. Among lactotetraosylceramide (Lc4), neolactotetraosylceramide, and their sialyl forms, only sialyl Lc4 was sialylated with ST6GalNAc V and ST6GalNAc VI. The products were confirmed to be disialyl Le^a in TLC-immunostaining. Compared with the original substrate GM1b, the synthetic rates of disialyl Le^a were 22 and 38% with ST6GalNAc V and ST6GalNAc VI, respectively. Since sialyl Le^a could not be converted to disialyl Le^a, disialyl Le^a was produced only from disialyl Lc4. Therefore, it appears that ST6GalNAc V/VI and fucosyltransferase III (FUT-3) compete for sialyl Lc4, their common substrate. The results of either one transfection or co-transfection of two genes into COS1 cells revealed that both ST6GalNAc VI and FUT-3 contributed in the synthesis of disialyl Le^a but partly compete with each other. Many colon cancer cell lines expressed the ST6GalNAc VI gene more or less, and some of them actually expressed disialyl Le^a. None of them expressed ST6GalNAc V. These results suggested the novel substrate specificity of ST6GalNAc VI, which is responsible for the synthesis of disialyl Le^a but not for -series gangliosides in human colon tissues.

Received for publication, October 29, 2002 , and in revised form, March 17, 2003.

^* This work was supported by Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas 14028029 and a grant-in-aid of the Center of Excellence Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan. This work was performed as a part of the R&D Project of the Industrial Science and Technology Frontier Program supported by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

^** To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 81-52-744-2070; Fax: 81-52-744-2069; E-mail: koichi{at}med.nagoya-u.ac.jp.

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