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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 27, 24966-24975, July 4, 2003

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The Plant Biotin Synthase Reaction

IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ESSENTIAL MITOCHONDRIAL ACCESSORY PROTEIN COMPONENTS^*

Antoine Picciocchi , Roland Douce  and Claude Alban ¶

From the Laboratoire Mixte de Recherche, CNRS/Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Bayer CropScience (UMR 1932), Bayer CropScience, 14-20 Rue Pierre Baizet, 69263 Lyon Cedex 9, France

In plants, the last step of the biotin biosynthetic pathway is localized in mitochondria. This chemically complex reaction is catalyzed by the biotin synthase protein, encoded by the bio2 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana. Unidentified mitochondrial proteins in addition to the bio2 gene product are obligatory for the reaction to occur. In order to identify these additional proteins, potato mitochondrial matrix was fractionated onto different successive chromatographic columns. Combination experiments using purified Bio2 protein and the resulting mitochondrial matrix subfractions together with a genomic based research allowed us to identify mitochondrial adrenodoxin, adrenodoxin reductase, and cysteine desulfurase (Nfs1) proteins as essential components for the plant biotin synthase reaction. Arabidopsis cDNAs encoding these proteins were cloned, and the corresponding proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli cells and purified. Purified recombinant adrenodoxin and adrenodoxin reductase proteins formed in vitro an efficient low potential electron transfer chain that interacted with the bio2 gene product to reconstitute a functional plant biotin synthase complex. Bio2 from Arabidopsis is the first identified protein partner for this specific plant mitochondrial redox chain.

Received for publication, March 3, 2003 , and in revised form, April 10, 2003.

The nucleotide sequence(s) reported in this paper has been submitted to the GenBank^TM/EBI Data Bank with accession number(s) AY074925, AY074926, AY074927, and AF229854.

^* The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Present address: UMR 5019 CNRS/Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA)/Université Joseph Fourier/INRA, CEA-Grenoble, Dépt. Réponse et Dynamique Cellulaires, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.

Present address: Institut de Biologie Structurale, 41, rue Jules Horowitz, 38027 Grenoble Cedex 1, France.

^¶ To whom correspondence should be addressed: UMR 5019 CNRS/Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA)/Université Joseph Fourier/INRA, CEA-Grenoble, Dépt. Réponse et Dynamique Cellulaires, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France. Tel.: 33-438-78-23-63; Fax: 33-438-78-50-91; E-mail: calban{at}cea.fr.

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