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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 35, 33185-33193, August 29, 2003

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Dimethyl Sulfoxide Exposure Facilitates Phospholipid Biosynthesis and Cellular Membrane Proliferation in Yeast Cells^*

Yoshinori Murata, Takahito Watanabe, Masanori Sato, Yuko Momose , Toro Nakahara, Shu-ichi Oka and Hitoshi Iwahashi 

From the International Patent Organism Depositary, the Research Institute of Biological Resources, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science Technology, Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan

Me₂SO is a polar solvent that is widely used in biochemistry, pharmacology, and industry. Although there are several reports in the literature concerning the biological effects of Me₂SO, the total cellular response remains unclear. In this paper, DNA microarray technology combined with the hierarchical clustering bioinformatics tool was used to assess the effects of Me₂SO on yeast cells. We found that yeast exposed to Me₂SO increased phospholipid biosynthesis through up-regulated gene expression. It was confirmed by Northern blotting that the level of INO1 and OPI3 gene transcripts, encoding key enzymes in phospholipid biosynthesis, were significantly elevated following treatment with Me₂SO. Furthermore, the phospholipid content of the cells increased during exposure to Me₂SO as shown by conspicuous incorporation of a lipophilic fluorescent dye (3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide) into the cell membranes. From these results we propose that Me₂SO treatment induces membrane proliferation in yeast cells to alleviate the adverse affects of this chemical on membrane integrity.

Received for publication, January 15, 2003 , and in revised form, May 21, 2003.

^* The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 81-298-61-6494; Fax: 81-298-61-6493; E-mail: hitoshi.iwahashi{at}aist.go.jp.

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