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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 37, 35172-35183, September 12, 2003

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In Vivo Functional Analysis of the Histone 3-like TAF9 and a TAF9-related Factor, TAF9L^*

Zheng Chen  and James L. Manley 

From the Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027

The majority of the TATA-binding protein (TBP)-associated factors (TAFs) that constitute transcription factor II D (TFIID) contain histone fold motifs (HFMs). Our previous results utilizing DT40 cells containing a conditional TAF9 allele indicated that the histone 3-like TAF9 is essential for cell viability but largely dispensable for general transcription. In this study, we investigated further the role of TAF9 structural domains in TFIID integrity and cell growth and the functions of a TAF9-related factor, TAF9L. We first show that TAF9 depletion severely disrupts TFIID, indicating that the observed ongoing transcription is initiated with at least partially TAF-free TATA-binding protein. We also provide evidence for specific roles of TAF HFMs, highlighting the functional significance of HFM specificity observed in vitro and, importantly, of the TAF9-histone 3 similarity. Although we provide evidence that TAF9 and TAF9L are partly redundant, RNA interference experiments suggest that TAF9L is essential for HeLa cell growth. Strikingly, we provide evidence that TAF9L plays a role in transcriptional repression and/or silencing.

Received for publication, April 23, 2003 , and in revised form, June 27, 2003.

^* This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant GM 37971. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Present address: Dept. of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 212-854-4647; Fax: 212-865-8246; E-mail: jlm2{at}columbia.edu.

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