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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 41, 40282-40295, October 10, 2003

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Golgi Localization of Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases Is a Determinant of L-selectin Ligand Biosynthesis^*

Christopher L. de Graffenried   and Carolyn R. Bertozzi  ¶ || **

From the Departments of Chemistry and ^¶Molecular and Cell Biology and the ^||Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720

Sulfation of endothelial glycoproteins by the sulfotransferase GlcNAc6ST-2 is a regulatory modification that promotes binding of the leukocyte adhesion molecule L-selectin. GlcNAc6ST-2 is a member of a family of related enzymes that act on similar carbohydrate substrates in vitro but discrete glycoproteins in vivo. We demonstrate that GlcNAc6ST-1, -2, and -3 have distinct Golgi distributions, with GlcNAc6ST-1 confined to the trans-Golgi network, GlcNAc6ST-3 confined to the early secretory pathway, and GlcNAc6ST-2 distributed throughout the Golgi. Their localization was correlated with preferred activity on either N-linked or O-linked glycoproteins. A chimera comprising the localization domain of GlcNAc6ST-1 fused to the catalytic domain of GlcNAc6ST-2 was confined to the trans-Golgi network and adopted the substrate preference of GlcNAc6ST-1. We propose a model in which Golgi enzyme localization and competition orchestrate the biosynthesis of L-selectin ligands.

Received for publication, May 12, 2003 , and in revised form, July 8, 2003.

This paper is dedicated to the memory of Frank Rusnak and to Jerry Mohrig on the occasion of his retirement.

^* This research was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grant GM59907. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Supported by a National Science Foundation predoctoral fellowship.

^** To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720. Tel.: 510-643-1682; Fax: 510-643-2628; E-mail: bertozzi{at}cchem.berkeley.edu.

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