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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 42, 40565-40572, October 17, 2003

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Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cells Lacking the Ran-binding Protein Hba1 Show a Multidrug Resistance Phenotype Due to Constitutive Nuclear Accumulation of Pap1^*

Esther A. Castillo  , Ana P. Vivancos  ¶, Nic Jones ||, José Ayté  and Elena Hidalgo  **

From the Cell Signaling Unit, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and ^||Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Christie Hospital National Health Science Trust, Wilmslow Rd., M20 4BX Manchester, United Kingdom

In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the transcription factor Pap1, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase Sty1 are excluded from the nucleus in a Crm1-dependent manner under non-stressed conditions. Upon oxidant treatment, both Sty1 and Pap1 concentrate into the nucleus, due to an enhanced import or an impaired export. Hba1, a protein that when overexpressed confers brefeldin A resistance, contains a Ran binding domain. The purpose of this project was to understand at the molecular level the role of Hba1 in the S. pombe oxidative stress response. Fluorescent and confocal microscopy studies demonstrate that Hba1 is located at the nucleoplasm and not at the nuclear envelope. We also demonstrate that either multiple copies or deletion of the hba1 gene induces nuclear accumulation of Pap1 and Sty1. We propose that Hba1 assists Crm1 to export some nuclear export signal-containing proteins. Pap1 nuclear accumulation is sufficient for constitutive activation of its specific antioxidant response. On the contrary, constitutive nuclear localization of Sty1 in the hba1 strain does not trigger the Sty1-specific, Atf1-dependent antioxidant response in the absence of stress. We conclude that the increased multidrug resistance of strains lacking or overexpressing Hba1 is due to the accumulation of Pap1 in the nucleus under non-stressed conditions.

Received for publication, June 4, 2003 , and in revised form, July 25, 2003.

^* This work was supported by Dirección General de Investigación, Spain Grant PM99-0029 (to E. H.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte.

^¶ Recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología of Spain.

^** Supported by a European Molecular Biology long term fellowship. To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 34-93-542-2891; Fax: 34-93-542-2802; E-mail: elena.hidalgo{at}upf.edu.

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