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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 52, 52012-52020, December 26, 2003

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BRCA1 Associates with Processive RNA Polymerase II^*

Susan A. Krum, Gustavo A. Miranda, Chenwei Lin, and Timothy F. Lane¶||

From the Molecular Biology Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and ^¶Department of Biological Chemistry, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095

The human BRCA1 tumor suppressor interacts with transcriptional machinery, including RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II). We demonstrated that interaction with RNA pol II is a conserved feature of BRCA1 proteins from several species. We found that full-length BRCA1 proteins universally fail to activate transcription in classic GAL4-UAS one-hybrid assays and that the activity associated with the human BRCA1 C terminus was poorly conserved in closely related homologs of the gene. Fractionation studies demonstrated that BRCA1 proteins from all species tested interacted specifically with hyperphosphorylated pol II (IIO), in preference to hypophosphorylated RNA pol II (IIA) expected at promoters. BRCA1-RNA pol II complexes showed evidence of a multiply phosphorylated heptad repeat domain in the catalytic subunit (p220) of RNA pol II, and the complex was highly functional in transcriptional run-off assays. Interestingly, endogenous BRCA1 associated with a large fraction of the processive RNA pol II activity present in undamaged cells, and the interaction was disrupted by DNA-damaging agents. Preferential interaction with processive RNA pol II in undamaged cells places BRCA1 in position to link late events in transcription with repair processes in eukaryotic cells.

Received for publication, July 31, 2003 , and in revised form, September 22, 2003.

^* This work was supported by National Research Service Award GM07185 (to S. A. K.) and by the Ovarian Cancer Research Fund, the Stein-Oppenheimer Foundation, the Jennifer Jones Simon Foundation, the Cancer Research Coordinating Committee of the University of California, and the Stop Cancer Foundation (to T. F. L.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

The on-line version of this article (available at www.jbc.org) contains two additional figures.

^|| To whom correspondence should be addressed: Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Gynecological Oncology, CHS 27-139, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles CA 90095. Tel.: 310-794-5799; Fax: 310-794-5891; E-mail: tlane{at}mednet.ucla.edu.

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