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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 278, Issue 8, 6209-6221, February 21, 2003
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B-mediated Secretion of Urokinase Type
Plasminogen Activator by Inhibiting the Phosphatidylinositol
3'-Kinase Activity in Breast Cancer Cells*
From the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), NCCS Complex,
Pune 411 007, India
Tumor growth and metastasis are
multifaceted processes that mainly involve cell adhesion, proteolytic
degradation of the extracellular matrix, and cell migration. Syk is a
member of a tyrosine kinase family that is expressed mostly in
hematopoietic cells. Syk is expressed in cell lines of epithelial
origin, but its function in these cells remains unknown. Here we report
that Syk is expressed in MCF-7 cells but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. The
overexpression of wild type Syk kinase but not kinase-negative Syk
suppressed cell motility and inhibited the activation of
phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3'-kinase in MDA-MB-231 cells. In contrast,
when Syk-specific antisense S-oligonucleotide but not the sense
S-oligonucleotide was transfected to MCF-7 cells the level of PI
3'-kinase activity as well as cell motility were increased. The
MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with wild type Syk cDNA followed by
treatment with piceatannol, a Syk inhibitor, enhanced cell motility and
PI 3'-kinase activity. Pervanadate, a phosphotyrosine phosphatase
inhibitor, induced PI 3'-kinase activity and stimulated the interaction
between the inhibitor of nuclear factor
B
(I
B
) and the
p85
domain of PI 3'-kinase through tyrosine phosphorylation of the
I
B
, which ultimately resulted in nuclear factor
B (NF
B)
activation. Pervanadate had no effect on the activation of Syk in these
cells. However, Syk suppressed the NF
B transcriptional activation
and interaction between I
B
and PI 3'-kinase by inhibiting the
tyrosine phosphorylation of I
B
. Syk, PI 3'-kinase inhibitors, and
NF
B inhibitory peptide inhibited urokinase type plasminogen
activator (uPA) secretion and cell motility in these cells. To our
knowledge, this is the first report that Syk suppresses the cell
motility and inhibits the PI 3'-kinase activity and uPA secretion by
blocking NF
B activity through tyrosine phosphorylation of I
B
.
These data further demonstrate a functional molecular link between
Syk-regulated PI 3'-kinase activity and NF
B-mediated uPA secretion,
and all of these ultimately control the motility of breast cancer cells.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.:
91-20-569-0931 (ext. 203); Fax: 91-20-569-2259; E-mail:
gopalkundu@hotmail.com.
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