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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 279, Issue 10, 9475-9480, March 5, 2004
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From the
Departments of
Genetics,
Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, ¶Pharmacology, and ||Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8103
TNP-470, the first anti-angiogenic small molecule to enter clinical trials, targets methionine aminopeptidase-2 (MetAP-2), a metalloprotease that cleaves the N-terminal methionine of proteins. Previously, biochemical binding, in vivo yeast studies, and structural studies of human methionine aminopeptidase-2 bound to TNP-470 and its analogs fumagillin and ovalicin revealed that these compounds exhibit specificity for MetAP-2 over its family member MetAP-1. To further elucidate the nature of this specificity, we developed a yeast-based screen for human MetAP-2 mutations that confer ovalicin resistance. Of the three resistant alleles, A362T appeared in the majority of clones and was found to be the most resistant to the ovalicin class of inhibitors. Alignment of human MetAP-2 with human MetAP-1, which is naturally ovalicin-resistant, revealed that the analogous residue in MetAP-1 is also a threonine. Mutation of this residue to alanine resulted in an ovalicin-sensitive MetAP-1 allele, demonstrating that an alanine at this position is critical for inhibition by ovalicin. These results provide a molecular explanation for the specificity exhibited by this class of anti-angiogenic agents for MetAP-2 over MetAP-1 and may prove useful in the development of additional MetAP-2-specific therapeutic agents.
Received for publication, July 7, 2003 , and in revised form, November 12, 2003.
* This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health Grant RO1 CA83049. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
The on-line version of this article (available at http://www.jbc.org) contains Supplemental Figs. 1-4.
** To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Craig M. Crews, 219 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06520-8103. Tel.: 203-432-9364; Fax: 203-432-6161; E-mail: craig.crews{at}yale.edu.
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