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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1074/jbc.M311400200 on December 29, 2003

J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 279, Issue 11, 9733-9742, March 12, 2004
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Tyrosine Kinase, p56lck-induced Cell Motility, and Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Secretion Involve Activation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase Pathways*

Ganapati H. Mahabeleshwar, Riku Das, and Gopal C. Kundu{ddagger}

From the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), NCCS Complex, Pune 411007, India

We have recently reported that tyrosine kinase, p56lck regulates cell motility and nuclear factor {kappa}B-mediated secretion of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) through tyrosine phosphorylation of I{kappa}B{alpha} following hypoxia/reoxygenation (Mahabeleshwar, G. H., and Kundu, G. C. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 52598–52612). However, the role of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) on ERK1/2-mediated uPA secretion and cell motility and the involvement of p56lck and EGF receptor in these processes in breast cancer cells is not well defined. We provide here evidence that H/R induces Lck kinase activity and Lck-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor in highly invasive (MDA-MB-231) and low invasive (MCF-7) breast cancer cells. H/R also stimulates MEK-1 and ERK1/2 phosphorylations, and H/R-induced phosphorylations were suppressed by the dominant negative form of Lck (DN Lck, K273R) as well as pharmacological inhibitors of EGF receptor and Lck indicating that EGF receptors and Lck are involved in these processes. Transfection of these cells with wild type Lck or Lck F505 (Y505F) but not with Lck F394 (Y394F) induced phosphorylations of EGF receptor followed by MEK-1 and ERK1/2, suggesting that Lck is upstream of EGF receptor and Tyr-394 of Lck is crucial for these processes. H/R also induced uPA secretion and cell motility in these cells. DN Lck and inhibitors of Lck, EGF receptor, and MEK-1 suppressed H/R-induced uPA secretion and cell motility. To our knowledge, this is the first report that p56lck in presence of H/R regulates MEK-1-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation and uPA secretion through tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptor, and it further demonstrates that all of these signaling molecules ultimately control the motility of breast cancer cells.


Received for publication, October 17, 2003 , and in revised form, December 23, 2003.

* This work was supported by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India (to G. H. M.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

{ddagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 91-20-25690931 (ext. 203); Fax: 91-20-25692259; E-mail: gopalkundu{at}hotmail.com.


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