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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 279, Issue 17, 17650-17659, April 23, 2004
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Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element (CPE)- and CPE-binding Protein (CPEB)-independent Mechanisms Regulate Early Class Maternal mRNA Translational Activation in Xenopus Oocytes*
From the
Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences and the Arkansas Cancer Research Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
Meiotic cell cycle progression during vertebrate oocyte maturation requires the correct temporal translation of maternal mRNAs encoding key regulatory proteins. The mechanism by which specific mRNAs are temporally activated is unknown, although both cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements (CPE) within the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNAs and the CPE-binding protein (CPEB) have been implicated. We report that in progesterone-stimulated Xenopus oocytes, the early cytoplasmic polyadenylation and translational activation of multiple maternal mRNAs occur in a CPE- and CPEB-independent manner. We demonstrate that polyadenylation response elements, originally identified in the 3'-UTR of the mRNA encoding the Mos proto-oncogene, direct CPE- and CPEB-independent polyadenylation of an early class of Xenopus maternal mRNAs. Our findings refute the hypothesis that CPE sequences alone account for the range of temporal inductions of maternal mRNAs observed during Xenopus oocyte maturation. Rather, our data indicate that the sequential action of distinct 3'-UTR-directed translational control mechanisms coordinates the complex temporal patterns and extent of protein synthesis during vertebrate meiotic cell cycle progression.
Received for publication, December 18, 2003 , and in revised form, January 28, 2004.
* This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (to A. M. M.), American Cancer Society (to A. C.), and the Arkansas Biosciences Institute (to A. M. M.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
To whom correspondence should be addressed: ACRC, Slot 814, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205. Tel.: 501-296-1549; Fax: 501-686-6517; E-mail: Angus{at}UAMS.edu.
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