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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 279, Issue 27, 27928-27940, July 2, 2004

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Biosynthesis of a Novel 3-Deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic Acid-containing Outer Core Oligosaccharide in the Lipopolysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae^*

Emilisa Frirdich, Evgeny Vinogradov¶, and Chris Whitfield||

From the Department of Microbiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 and the ^¶Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada

The core oligosaccharide region of Klebsiella pneumoniae lipopolysaccharide contains some novel features that distinguish it from the corresponding lipopolysaccharide region in other members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. The conserved Klebsiella outer core contains the unusual trisaccharide 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo)-(2,6)-GlcN-(1,4)-GalUA. In general, Kdo residues are normally found in the inner core, but in K. pneumoniae, this Kdo residue provides the ligation site for O polysaccharide. The outer core Kdo residue can also be non-stoichiometrically substituted with an L-glycero-D-manno-heptopyranose (Hep) residue, another component more frequently found in the inner core. To understand the genetics and biosynthesis of core oligosaccharide synthesis in Klebsiella, the gene products involved in the addition of the outer core GlcN (WabH), Kdo (WabI), and Hep (WabJ) residues as well as the inner core HepIII residue (WaaQ) were identified. Non-polar mutations were created in each of the genes, and the resulting mutant lipopolysaccharide was analyzed by mass spectrometry. The in vitro glycosyltransferase activity of WabI and WabH was verified. WabI transferred a Kdo residue from CMP-Kdo onto the acceptor lipopolysaccharide. The activated precursor required for GlcN addition has not been identified. However, lysates overexpressing WabH were able to transfer a GlcNAc residue from UDP-GlcNAc onto the acceptor GalUA residue in the outer core.

Received for publication, March 5, 2004 , and in revised form, April 15, 2004.

^* This work was supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Bacterial Diseases Network (to C. W.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Supported by postgraduate scholarships from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

^|| Holder of a Canada research chair. To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Microbiology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada. Tel.: 519-824-4120 (ext. 53478); Fax: 519-837-1802; E-mail: cwhitfie{at}uoguelph.ca.

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