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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 279, Issue 29, 30106-30113, July 16, 2004

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The bacA Gene of Escherichia coli Encodes an Undecaprenyl Pyrophosphate Phosphatase Activity^*

Meriem El Ghachi, Ahmed Bouhss, Didier Blanot, and Dominique Mengin-Lecreulx

From the Laboratoire des Enveloppes Bactériennes et Antibiotiques, Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 8619 CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 430, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France

The bacA gene, the overexpression of which results in bacitracin resistance, was inactivated and shown to be non-essential for growth of Escherichia coli. It was proposed earlier that the bacA gene product may confer resistance to the antibiotic by phosphorylation of undecaprenol (Cain, B. D., Norton, P. J., Eubanks, W., Nick, H. S., and Allen, C. M. (1983) J. Bacteriol. 175, 3784–3789). In the present work, this extremely hydrophobic membrane protein was overproduced and purified to near homogeneity. The analysis of its catalytic properties clearly demonstrated that the purified BacA protein exhibited undecaprenyl pyrophosphate phosphatase activity but not undecaprenol phosphokinase activity. This finding was perfectly consistent with the mechanism of action of bacitracin that consists in the sequestration of undecaprenyl pyrophosphate, the BacA enzyme substrate. The level of undecaprenyl pyrophosphate phosphatase was increased by 280-fold in cells carrying bacA on a multicopy expression plasmid. It was decreased by 75% but was not completely abolished in a bacA disruption mutant, suggesting that BacA is the main E. coli undecaprenyl pyrophosphate phosphatase but that other protein(s) exhibiting such an activity should exist to account for the residual activity and viability of the mutant strain. This is the first gene encoding undecaprenyl pyrophosphate phosphatase identified to date. Considering its newly identified function, we propose to rename the bacA gene uppP.

Received for publication, February 16, 2004 , and in revised form, May 10, 2004.

^* This work was supported by grants from the European Community (FP6, LSHM-CT-2003-503335, "COBRA" project) and from the CNRS (UMR 8619). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

Recipient of a scholarship from the Ministère de l'Education Nationale, de la Recherche et de la Technologie (Ecole Doctorale "Innovation Thérapeutique, du Fondamental à l'Appliqué").

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 33-1-69-15-48-41; Fax: 33-1-69-85-37-15; E-mail: dominique.mengin-lecreulx{at}ebp.u-psud.fr.

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