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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 279, Issue 41, 42462-42468, October 8, 2004

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Evidence for a New Sub-class of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases B with an Alternative Thioredoxin Recognition Signature^*

Fabrice Neiers, Alexandre Kriznik, Sandrine Boschi-Muller, and Guy Branlant

From the UMR CNRS-UHP 7567, Maturation des ARN et Enzymologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Bld. des Aiguillettes, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France

Methionine sulfoxide reductases catalyze the reduction of protein-bound methionine sulfoxide back to methionine via a thioredoxin-recycling process. Two classes of methionine sulfoxide reductases, called MsrA and MsrB, exist that display opposite stereoselectivities toward the sulfoxide function. Although they are structurally unrelated, they share a similar chemical mechanism that includes three steps with 1) formation of a sulfenic acid intermediate with a concomitant release of 1 mol of methionine per mole of enzyme; 2) formation of an intradisulfide Msr bond; and 3) reduction of the oxidized Msr by thioredoxin. In the MsrBs that have been biochemically, enzymatically, and structurally characterized so far, the cysteine involved in the regeneration of the catalytic Cys-117 is Cys-63. Cys-117 is located on a strand, whereas the recycling Cys-63 is on a loop near Cys-117. The distance between the two cysteines is compatible with formation of the Cys-117/Cys-63 intradisulfide bond. Analyses of MsrB sequences show that at least 37% of the MsrBs do not possess the recycling Cys-63. In the present study, it is shown that Cys-31 in the Xanthomonas campestris MsrB, which is located on another loop, can efficiently substitute for Cys-63. Such a result implies flexibility of the MsrB structures, at least of the loops on which Cys-31 or Cys-63 are located. The fact that about 25% of the putative MsrBs have no recycling cysteine supports other recycling processes in which thioredoxin is not operative.

Received for publication, July 6, 2004 , and in revised form, July 21, 2004.

^* This research was supported by the CNRS (Programme Protéomique et Génie des Protéines 2001), the University Henry Poincaré Nancy I, the ARC (Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer Grant 5436), and the Institut Fédératif de Recherches 111 Bioingénierie. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 33-3-83-68-43-04; Fax: 33-3-83-68-43-07; E-mail: guy.branlant{at}maem.uhp-nancy.fr.

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